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Green Street Academy is a two-year-old public middle and high school in urban Baltimore, Maryland. One of the school’s focuses is to embrace the green eco-sustainability movement and the new career paths it will generate. Like most schools, GSA is designed around extremely high academic standards that capture students’ imaginations, stimulate their curiosities and inspire their successes. Unique to our program, though, is that last year we began the process of transforming the entire school to a true project-based learning (PBL) environment by the end of this school year. Here, are some of the transformation experiences — both positive and negative — we’ve had since beginning the shift.

The transformation of a 300-student middle school from a traditional lessons and units curricular approach to a true schoolwide PBL pedagogy is not an easy process, and it required us to work on several interrelated fronts. Specifically, these were:

Before approaching systemic change, we first considered the most prevalent instructional models. What we saw over and over again were relatively autonomous and singular teachers working with discrete groups of students. They were using directive instruction modes designed to impart information and learning within a specific topic area, often in isolation from other topic areas, and they were having inconsistent student achievement results with inner-city middle school populations.

We also saw that our school reform efforts attempted to bring “best practices” to that common instructional model by introducing research-based elements such as multi-sensory and differentiated instruction, while also encouraging faculty to work together in cross-curricular planning. We were concerned, though, that despite applications of the best reform initiatives, too many of our students still did not achieve to their potential; that authentic learning (which we believe so critical to urban student success) was largely missing; and that the fundamental issue of how to teach critical thinking was rarely addressed as an integrated element of instruction.

Project-Based Learning Model at GSA

In contrast with that traditional approach, several of our faculty came together to design a true PBL environment in which our teachers taught in a very different manner, creating a new pedagogical relationship between learning and teaching. That relationship meant that, rather than working in relative isolation, our faculty worked together to create and implement standards-based projects. Rather than acting as directive teachers, our faculty members were more like coaches in a student-led inquiry environment. Rather than relying on books and worksheets, our faculty led students through a less certain learning path. Rather than perceiving critical thinking as a “result” (of directive teaching), we saw it as essentially an immersion mode in which exploration informs and develops students’ thinking processes.

In order to make that true PBL environment a reality, last semester (spring 2012), GSA ran two pilot PBL initiatives. Those pilots were designed to a) introduce PBL to our students, and b) provide teachers with the time and authority to design how PBL looks at the school. One of those projects involved the entire sixth grade (over 100 students and four faculty members), and one involved the eighth-grade Language Arts and Science classes (100 students and two faculty members).

How Project-Based Learning Works at GSA 1. Standards Map

Those pilot projects enabled us to identify and create particular process supports, which we developed and honed before, during and after the pilot experiences. Specifically, we saw that we needed a comprehensive, cross-curricular, Common Core-derived Standards Map that visually explicated every standard across each discipline — literally a diagram on a large whiteboard of each subject area’s standards across the school year.

We also saw another benefit of the Standards Map; it enabled us to globally review the standards to determine which could stand alone, and which had to be clustered together.

For example, a standard related to identifying the topic sentence may be arguably met as an isolated element, whereas a standard related to calculating square roots must be bundled with other math building blocks. Understanding which standards must be bundled then directly informed how we developed our next step.

2. Project Route

With the Standards Map in place, we were able to build a Project Route that outlined a project through time with specific skill sets and that overlaid the Standards Map. Our faculty members saw this as a great opportunity for creativity, as this was where they actually designed a “big question” project. We saw these steps as critical, as they attached concrete learning goals to any given project.

3. Preparation for Success

Once the Project Route had been created, we could then identify Preparation for Success classroom modules, which are needed for scholars to be successful in completing a given project. In addition, we identified which standards were not met by the project scope and planned auxiliary methods to meet those requirements. Finally, we identified student evaluation instruments to use throughout the project, including the culminating product.

Those support elements presupposed a curriculum that was concise and delineated over time. With the Standards Map derived from the Common Core, curricular requirements and project-based learning projects at GSA are now coupled to a very high degree. Once any given project has been created and the Project Route determined, we easily see what resources are necessary to the project’s implementation. Those resources may be physical tools and materials, or they may be personnel offering support in technology, special education or the arts.

Pilot Project Lessons Learned

After our first week of pilot project implementation, we identified several critical “lessons learned.”

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Using Pbl In Environmental Science Class

A few years ago, my students became bothered by the number of plastic bags showing up in the Guyandotte River, which winds behind our school and through our rural southern West Virginia towns. They believed that recycling and other waste management options would decrease littering, but we didn’t know where to start—our rural county had no recycling program.

As an AmeriCorps alumna, I was familiar with launching community programs without a budget. By merging apprenticeships and project-based learning (PBL) in my environmental science class, we were able to create our county’s first recycling program.

The Setup

Our students initially started an after-school recycling program, which rapidly evolved into our county’s only recycling center within one year. We grew so quickly that we needed outside help, fast. PepsiCo Recycling Rally provides curriculum and equipment to jump-start recycling collection at your school, so we started to use those resources.

Merging PBL with the apprenticeship model provided a framework for designing units with learning outcomes that build critical thinking and creative problem-solving skills. Operating a recycling center does not work if our student body and community do not know our recycling procedures, what can be recycled, or how recycling can save our streams. Students share their knowledge by organizing schoolwide recycling pep rallies featuring recycling games they develop. They organize school assemblies and create videos, theatrical performances, and rap songs about recycling procedures.

To determine the effectiveness of our outreach programs within our school, we conduct waste audits, analyzing data to see the percentage of recyclables and trash in correct bins. My students design educational activities for local fairs and festivals, teaching students why it’s important to understand where our waste goes and how to best manage it. They work with our communities to assess microplastic levels along our riverbank and launched a Spotify podcast, Waste in Our Waters. They also create and deliver presentations to our town councils and county commission because our ultimate goal is to create a countywide recycling network.

Our program is unique because there are both curricular and extracurricular components. Plastic pollution and waste management are only two units in the environmental science curriculum, so it’s challenging to dedicate the time to complete all the tasks for running a recycling program and addressing plastic pollution within a classroom. If we don’t complete our weekly requirements of collecting and sorting recyclables during class, which happens frequently due to teaching other content standards, then the after-school program picks up the slack. It takes seven to 10 students to stay on top of the recycling demands.

Transforming students into environmental leaders does not happen overnight. It requires time and intentional planning, but the outcomes are what we hope for as teachers: confident, engaged, and civically minded students.

Growing Student Environmental Leaders

Here are eight steps for creating environmental change makers. Although some of these features are standard in PBL, there is much more of an emphasis on building community relationships when using the apprenticeship model.

Make observations: Instruct students to record observations about the environment while walking around campus. Are there invasive species, sources of pollution, or suitable habitats for specific species?

Find patterns: Discuss patterns that emerge from your students’ observations. Record these ideas, and let students prioritize topics.

Identify community experts: Specialists may be found at museums, parks, and/or natural resource and environmental agencies. National Geographic’s Explorer Classroom and Exploring by the Seat of Your Pants YouTube channels connect classrooms to experts across the globe. The expert’s role is to extend the students’ background knowledge about the selected environmental issue. Ask students how they felt and what interested them after a session with an expert. Are there additional questions or ideas for solving their environmental issue?

Determine the environmental project: Tell students that local problems are often global problems, and instruct them to research ways that other organizations, states, and countries solve related environmental problems. Ask students to share what they learned. Are there feasible projects for the students to modify or replicate? Is there a stand-out project that clearly fits your students’ interests?

Identify stakeholders: Instruct students to brainstorm individuals and organizations in your community that have a vested interest in helping fix this environmental problem. Reach out to these stakeholders for help.

Create a step-by-step plan: Guide students through enumerating all actions required to complete their project. What materials do they need? What is the time frame for completing the project? Who can complete each task? Allow students to express their interests and self-select tasks.

Work alongside community mentors: While meeting with an expert provides environmental content knowledge, the mentor guides the students through tasks to complete the project. Sending a survey home to see if guardians have related skill sets and are willing to help out is a way to build connections with your students’ families.

Achieve goals: What are low-hanging fruits for the students to accomplish first to feel successful? Some projects take time, and their efforts may be the first steps toward a larger project. After a step from your plan is achieved, identify the next step, and create an associated goal within a realistic time frame. Celebrate your success as each goal is completed.

A Closer Look at Apprenticeships

The apprenticeship model helps intentionally build long-lasting mentorships with community partners and experts in the field in order to improve our program and student learning outcomes. In the beginning, our students secured community volunteers to help haul recyclables and worked alongside them to learn unloading procedures. My students began meeting with our neighboring county’s Solid Waste Authority’s director of education, taking tours of their large-scale recycling operations in order to learn the recycling ropes to create a sustainable operation in our county.

One of our students’ grandmothers became a board member of our county’s Solid Waste Authority, and she continues to work with our students biweekly to solve logistical problems and determine new outreach possibilities with our students. Other businesses, like Alpha Metallurgical Resources, reached out to us, and several students work directly with their environmental compliance manager to plan biannual Adopt-A-Highway litter clean-up events. Working alongside community members and experts in the field to solve a critical community issue nurtured my students’ leadership capabilities and confidence.

Creating a Lasting Legacy

Middle and high school students can develop ingenious solutions to problems such as air and water pollution, threatened species, and the lack of green space. At the same time, taking students outdoors jump-starts learning by awakening the senses and increasing connectedness and happiness. Through goal setting, hard work, and problem-solving, our recycling program grew and now serves as the only plastic recycling location in our entire county.

If a recycling program isn’t a good fit for your school, there are myriad other projects that students can pursue, such as doing a survey of microplastics or coming up with technological solutions to environmental challenges. Both the EPA’s Microplastic Beach Protocol for freshwater or marine waters and The Big Microplastic Survey provide citizen science opportunities for students to collect and report data, and Samsung’s Solve for Tomorrow gives students a chance to win classroom technology.

How To Fix Common Smartphone Problems

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No one likes a faulty smartphone. When you keep your whole life (more or less) on a device, you need that gadget to always function properly. Unfortunately, bugs, crashes, and other issues are inevitable, especially as your phone gets older.

The good news is many of the most common issues have relatively simple fixes you can perform yourself. The bad news is that this will not always be the case. If these solutions don’t do the trick, we’re sad to tell you that you might have to take your handset to a professional repair shop, or (gasp) upgrade to a newer model.

But before you start panicking, take a deep breath—the solution to your problem might be just a few taps away.

A couple faulty apps

If your phone is slowing down it might not be because of a general issue, but simply due to a few bad apples. Figuring which one it is could save you a trip to the shop and a few bucks. If it’s only a few apps, you might be able to repair the situation by deleting the data they store on your phone.

On Android, open Settings, go to Apps & notifications, choose the troublesome app, and tap Storage & cache. Here, you have two options. First, try choosing Clear Cache to erase only the temporary files that the app has stored on your phone. (When these grow too numerous or become corrupted, they can mess with the app’s speed and power.) Clearing the cache won’t mess with the app’s settings, but it may not be enough to solve your issue.

If this doesn’t help, select Clear Data to erase all the app’s information and start from scratch. Clearing the data offers a more comprehensive option, but you may have to re-enter your information afterwards, such as your username and password.

On iOS, you won’t get the same data-clearing options. Instead, you must uninstall and reinstall your app. Find its icon, press and hold it, and then tap Delete App option from the drop-down menu that appears. Then find it in the App Store and reinstall it. This will wipe all the locally stored data, and the app will boot up from scratch. If you want to delete a bunch of apps at once, press and hold one app and continue holding after the drop-down menu appears. One or two seconds later, all the app icons will start shaking and small gray X’s will appear on them. Tap the X to delete.

If you’re still experiencing issues with an app even after uninstalling and reinstalling it, it might be time to do some research on whether you’re dealing with a known problem, or contact the developer directly with the details of what’s going on. Remember to include a thorough description of your issue, the manufacturer, and model of the device you’re using, plus the OS version it’s running. You can usually find developer contact details on the app’s online listing.

Widespread bugs

What’s that, Timmy? Screen froze again and you can’t procrastinate homework anymore? EdZbarzhyvetsky via Depositphotos

If general issues keep appearing almost at random in all kinds of apps, it’ll be harder to pin down one root cause. Perhaps a hardware component is failing, the device is overheating too often, or an upgrade didn’t work correctly. But you won’t actually need to diagnose your phone to fix it.

The old fallback of turning your device off and on again can sound a little obvious, but it can easily solve a variety of problems. This works because it clears out everything in your phone’s temporary memory, so if a couple apps are making the whole phone go haywire, it might be enough to get your device working again.

If the phone has frozen and you can’t power it off in the normal way, try a special hardware reset combination. To figure out just what buttons to press and hold in order to force a reset, look up your phone’s make and model online. You can easily find instructions for Google’s Pixel phones or Apple’s numerous iPhone models.

If the off-and-on-again failsafe fails, it’s time to indulge in some detective work. Unexplained crashes can be caused by an overheating phone, so monitor its temperature while you’re using and charging it. If it’s often hot to the touch, the issue might lie with a faulty charger or a battery that’s on its last legs.

A lack of local storage space can also cause random bugs and crashes, so check how much free room is left on your device. On Android, open Settings and head to Storage. On iOS, open Settings, then tap General and iPhone Storage. If you’re running out of space, you need to make some room. Most phones have their own way to help you free up space, but if yours doesn’t, check out our guide for it.

As a last resort, you may want to consider resetting your whole phone back to its factory settings, which means wiping off all the data and setting it up again as if it were brand new. If the problem persists after that, you’re probably looking at a hardware fault. To deal with that, scroll down to the “Troubleshooting and other issues” section below.

Poor battery life

TFW you run out of battery and still aren’t sure where you’ll be meeting your date. Nicomenijes via Depositphotos

To some extent, everyone struggles with battery life, no matter how new their phone is. But when your charge drops by half in just a couple hours, you’re in trouble. This can happen when a battery gets old and starts degrading fast. If this is the case with your phone, you should look into getting the battery professionally replaced. This will make sense if your phone is relatively new, but if you carry an old handset around, you may be overdue for an upgrade. Just don’t forget to recycle your old one once you get a new one.

While you’re poking around the Battery menu, you can enable battery saver mode, called Battery Saver on Androids and Low Power Mode on iPhones. Turning this on won’t fix your underlying problems, but it can give you a bit more time between charges.

Poor reception

Sometimes you don’t even have to be in the middle of nowhere to lose cell reception. Sometimes your phone thinks your living room is the middle of nowhere. elvinstar via Deposit Photos

Your phone is not always to be blamed if it’s having networking issues that make it difficult to connect to Wi-Fi or catch a cellular signal. The culprit could be external—maybe you are in a notorious dead spot where no one can get any signal, or you’re at home and other devices are also struggling to connect to the web. If this is the case, you might need to focus your troubleshooting on something other than your handset.

A call to your carrier or internet service provider—if you can bear it—could be the next step in trying to get everything working again. They will know more about the issues specific to your phone and service. Alternatively, try a quick web search using the make and model of your phone and the name of your carrier or internet provider. You might find solutions from people who’ve had the same problem as you.

For persistent issues, make sure you’re running the most recent version of your mobile operating system. This will have the latest bug fixes and be ready to work with the latest settings from your carrier or router. If you’ve been putting off an operating-system update, deal with it now.

If both the reset and the update fail, you’ve exhausted your home-repair options. Connectivity is one of those features that should “just work,” so if it doesn’t, you may be looking at a faulty phone, a damaged SIM card, or a problem with the network itself. If the issue started suddenly, and not because you altered any settings on your phone, it’s likely that your phone isn’t to blame. In this case, you’ll definitely want to call the experts at your phone’s manufacturer or your service provider.

Troubleshooting other phone issues

Don’t be scared—if you back up your data, a good old factory reset is nothing to be afraid of. Vadymvdrobot via Deposit Photos

If you’re having problems that aren’t specifically mentioned here, you might be able to dig up some solutions online. Just be sure to choose specific keywords that include your type of phone and the exact problem that’s plaguing it. Otherwise, you’ll encounter thousands of results of varying relevance.

Beyond that, your last resort can be a full phone reset. This process will return your phone back to its original factory state, so if it’s still buggy after that, you’re probably looking at faulty or failing hardware. Resetting a phone isn’t too difficult—just be sure to back up all your important information first, because the reset will wipe all of it.

On the most recent versions of stock Android, you’ll need to head to Settings, then tap System, Advanced, and Reset options. Hit Erase all data (factory reset) and confirm your choice. Before the process starts, you’ll see a brief summary of what’s going to get wiped. For more details, including some tips on back-ups, look at Google’s official guide. If you’re using a non-stock version of Android, the procedure might vary slightly, but the reset option should be easy to find in Settings.

On iOS devices, you’ll need to open Settings, go to General and Reset, then tap Erase All Content and Settings. Then, you’ll need to enter your passcode or Apple ID and password to confirm your choice. Apple has a comprehensive guide on this, and another one if you want to reset your phone using iTunes on a computer.

Remember‚ you’ll need to know your Google or Apple account details to set up the phone from scratch again. And if you’ve enabled two-step verification on your accounts, you’ll need a backup method for verifying your identity—something that doesn’t involve your recently-wiped phone. It might sound like a fiddly process, but it won’t take too much time. Ultimately, the factory reset is the most comprehensive option for fixing a range of persistent device bugs and issues.

Maccabees Update: Google Confirms New Core Algorithm Changes

Today we received confirmation from a Google spokesperson that “several minor changes” were made to the core algorithm this month.

“We released several minor improvements during this timeframe, part of our regular and routine efforts to improve relevancy,” a Google spokesperson told Search Engine Journal.

The timeframe with the most volatility for some websites was between December 12 and 14.

Following published reports about the Maccabees Update, Danny Sullivan, Google’s public liaison for search, downplayed its significance on Twitter:

Reports calling this a single “update” or calling it “Fred” don’t reflect what we actually said: there were several minor changes that happened as they routinely do in any particular week.

— Danny Sullivan (@dannysullivan) December 20, 2023

Learn more: History of Google Algorithm Updates.

What is Update Maccabees (formerly known as Fred)?

Updates to the core algorithm do not receive a formal name. So they are informally named Fred. However, Barry Schwartz of SERoundtable named it Maccabees in recognition of Hanukkah and the search community followed on.

In a separate tweet, Sullivan was wary of giving this flux period a name because it wasn’t a single, major update:

There was no single update. I suppose some might find it useful to give a name to the general flux period, but I think it’s important to understand there were different changes happening — as happen in any week.

— Danny Sullivan (@dannysullivan) December 20, 2023

What Does a Core Update Mean?

Updates to the core algorithm can be a variety of things.

Here are some examples:

Algorithms that determine the relevance of a search query to a web page

Change in how links to a site are scored. This means, some links begin counting less or other links can count more. This will result in a re-ranking of certain kinds of sites. Sites that depend on a single kind of link can be vulnerable if that kind link is devalued.

Change in how page content is scored. For example, if a search query is informational in nature, then a commercial site may be deemed irrelevant.

What Is the Maccabees Update?

First reports of changes to Google’s search results began December 12. The impact is not widespread.

Anecdotal evidence shows that many affiliate type sites have felt it the most. Normal e-commerce sites have not been affected on the same scale but some have reported as suffering drops in traffic (WebmasterWorld Google Update Discussion), but e-commerce sites appear to be in the minority.

It is tempting to view updates to the core algorithm as targeting a certain kind of site. However, as the Google spokesperson said, these changes are meant to improve relevancy. So that means it could be, as noted above, improvements to on-page or off-page relevance signals, and possibly both.

Here are the prevailing theories and counterarguments:

Maccabees Update is mobile-first related: This theory has been dismissed because some have reported that their sites are mobile friendly and others have reported they’ve seen no increase in Google’s mobile bot.

Desktop visibility affected more than mobile visibility: This is an interesting hypothesis but some have reported the opposite. I am inclined to rule this out.

What Kinds of Site are Affected by the Maccabees Update?

Given the timing, it may not be far fetched to speculate that this relevancy change might be shopping related, especially given how many affected publishers are in the shopping space.

I’ve been seeing quite a bit of concern in Facebook groups associated with aggressive linking techniques. This isn’t to say that this is a link related issue.

It could be that those kinds of sites share certain attributes related to their sites. It could be that they lack certain on-page or off-page signals of authority.

There are many affiliate sites that are still ranking fine. So it’s definitely not an affiliate related update. But it may be related to something that aggressive sites share in common.

Jim Boykin of Internet Marketing Ninjas told me that he checked and double checked the rankings of client sites and reported, “nothing changing in rankings or Google organic traffic for the past month.”

Casey Markee, of MediaWyse in San Diego offered this clue:

“I did have some sites contact me and they did have drops… Their content and overall user experience though had some holes.”

I polled some affiliate site publishers who had been affected and they shared that both mobile and desktop traffic has been affected. So there you are, a minor update to the core algorithm that feels major to certain sites on the Internet.

If you have been affected and feel it’s not merited, if the site truly does not merit, then history has shown that Google tends to dial back on changes when they find it’s been creating false positives.

Image Credits

All images via Shutterstock, modified by author

Is Intel Core I7 Better Than Apple M1?

Is Intel Core i7 better than Apple M1?

Is Intel Core i7 better than Apple M1? Let’s find out

Apple’s impressive M1 chip was released in 2023 and remains a top-tier processor for their mobile devices even now, almost 3 years later. At the time, it was thought to be the most powerful mobile processor, but things have changed. Intel’s latest i7 mobile processors have also proved themselves to be pretty capable, so let’s compare the two.

Now Read: Best CPU for gaming 2023

Today, we find out: is Intel i7 better than M1?

What is the Intel Core i7?

Intel Core i7 is a family of high-end desktop and laptop processors. CPUs feature above-average specs and deliver incredible performance, but also have a fittingly high-end price point.

Today, we’re focusing exclusively on the mobile processors from the Core i7 lineup, since it would be unfair to compare the mobile Apple M1 chip with a desktop i7 processor.

Back when the M1 processor was released, it was often compared to the i7-1165g7. But with the release of Alder Lake, Core i7 mobile processors saw a considerable upgrade to their core and thread count, thanks to the inclusion of smaller efficiency cores on the CPU die.

The best i7 mobile processor we have available currently is the Core i7-1370p. It was released only recently and features some impressive specs.

Cores: 6 P.cores / 8 E.cores

Boost clock frequency: P.cores 5.2GHz / E.cores 3.9GHz

Base TDP: 28 W

Max TDP: 64 W

iGPU: Intel Iris Xe Graphics

Apple’s M1 specs

The base Apple M1 chip has the following specs:

Cores: 4 P.cores / 4 E.cores

Boost clock frequency: P.cores 3.2GHz / E.cores: 2.1GHz

TDP: 15 W

iGPU: 8-core GPU

How do Intel Core i7 processors compare to Apple’s M1 chip?

As obvious from the above specs, Intel Core i7 processors offer much better performance than the Apple M1 chip. While the M1 chip is optimized very well for the Mac, software optimization can only get you so far, and it can’t make up for a physical lack of cores or a lower clock speed.

The recent Core i7 CPUs are just incredibly powerful. Even the older 1165g7 outperformed the M1 chip in most scenarios, and the difference has only grown since.

However, it’s worth noting that the base Apple M1 chip still retains its throne in one area – power efficiency. It consumes a mere 10 to 15 watts of power, which is so low that the MacBook’s battery can last up to an impressive 18 hours.

Core i7 mobile processors, while they do offer better raw performance, aren’t close to being as power-efficient with their 64-watt max TDPs, and will cause their laptop’s battery to die sooner when placed under a heavy burden.

Raw performance is less of a concern on mobile devices than it is on desktop computers because factors such as portability, convenience, practicality, and battery life take precedence.

In battery life, at least, the M1 outperforms the Intel i7. If you’re looking for a laptop that has an extremely long battery uptime, go with an M1-equipped Macbook.

Final word

Intel i7 is indeed better than M1 in terms of raw performance. However, i7 mobile processors consume much more power than the M1 chip, reducing battery uptime. If you’re looking for power, go with the Intel i7. If you’re looking for longer battery life, go with Apple M1.

Creating And Visualizing Reports Automatically

Introduction to Kibana Reporting

You can generate a report proper format including the Kibana dashboard, data visualization, and other tools which make your report more meaningful about data. We can also save our project based on the image and pdf format which depends upon the requirements of yours like either in PNG, PDF. Kibana reporting we can generate not only automatically but also manually. In this blog, we will do both generations manually and automatically. Apart from this, we can also generate a report with the help of a script and Watcher. Kibana reporting makes our analytics more powerful by seeing all data in a single place.

Kibana Reporting Tool

To find where is Kibana reporting tool available, we have to follow the below steps:

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1. Open the Kibana and it will take to your first page of the Kibana.

4. Now, we have to look Kibana reporting option in that as shown below in the screenshot.

Features of Kibana Reporting

Below there is a customize feature display option, which provides all details of different kinds of tools charts, visualization, etc. that we can use in reporting.

1. Reporting Permission

To generate a report in Kibana, you must have a granted privilege to create a report which we called resporting_user, and also you have the privilege to access the index data which you want to create report else data will not display.

2. Creating a Manual Report

We can also create a report manually. To create a report manual we have to follow the following steps:

Index your data and access that index in the Kibana main dashboard.

We can choose the option according to our requirements:

If we want to make a report of visualization and charts, so we can choose either Pdf or image option.

we can also convert the whole canvas into pdf.

We can also opt for the option of CSV.

Now we can save that file anywhere in our local system.

3. Size of the Report

The size of the report in which we generate either pdf or image form that depends upon through which we generating. If we are using canvas, then it has to determine the size before creating the report depends upon the requirements. But, if you are using any other app then might be it depends upon the size of that app like if we want to reduce the report size we can just decrease the size of the browser.

4. Automatic Report Creation

We can also create a report using POST through HTTP (with the help of the script). We can do for both PDF or CSV.

Steps to create POST link for PDF:

Go to the visualization of the Kibana and choose the time filter option. For an absolute time we have to use the time filter option.

Now the Kibana toolbar will show the share option as shown (Fig. no. 5) above. We have to choose a PDF option and create a PDF link.

Now copy the link showing in the below screenshot.

Fig. no. 6: PDF URL link

5. Steps to Create POST Link for CSV

We have to load the data from the search option and for the absolute time, we can use the time filter option. The Discover option is available in the left toolbar at the top.

Now the Kibana toolbar will show the share option as shown (Fig. no. 5) above. We have to choose the CSV option and create a CSV link.

Now copy the link showing in the below screenshot.

6. Using a Script

We can also generate an automatic link for PDF and CSV through the script. This script requests a POST link and will get the result in the form of JSON and also contain a link to download the report. To get the report through a link we have to give GET request in the script itself.

curl

Code:

Here kbn-version is telling what version we are using currently. And -u elastic will check grant permission of the user to create a report. XPOST is basically for the POST.

Final report result:

After we have done all activities of reporting then our report will look like this. I just uploaded the saved projects. You can see a lot of saved projects which option is shown in fig. no. 3 left side.

Conclusion

The Kibana reporting option is very awesome to visualize all things in a single place to decision making. It has a lot of features that you explore while going through the above mention methods. Kibana has also another option to create reports automatically using Watcher. For that, we have to link the Watcher certificate to the Kibana, so that it can access Watcher.