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Document.forms Syntax

The following syntax will show how we can use the forms property to access the name of the first form of the document using JavaScript.

let formName = document.forms[0].name;

In the above syntax, we used square brackets syntax to access the first element of the collection and then used the name property to get its name.

Steps

Step 1 − In the first step, we need to define two or more form tags in the document and then access all of them using the forms property of JavaScript.

Step 2 − In the next step, we will use the above syntax to get the name of the first form in the document.

Step 3 − In the third step, we will display the number of forms as well as the name of the first form in the document on the user screen using JavaScript.

Let us understand it practically with the help of a code example −

Example 1

The example below will illustrate the practical implementation of the forms property to find the name of the first form in the document using JavaScript −

let

formElem

document

forms

;

let

firstForm

formElem

[

]

name

;

“The name of first form in the document: “

firstForm

;

In the example above, we have used two forms named as formOne and formTwo in the document. We access a list of all forms present in the document inside form, that will be of type HTMLCollection.After that, we access the first element of the list using square brackets syntax to get the first form in the document and use the name property to get the name of the form inside firstForm.

Let us see what value the forms property will return if we have two nested forms in the document.

Approach

Step 1 − In this step, we will define the two forms one inside another such that nested forms and give them particular names.

Step 2 − In second step, we use the forms property to get the list of forms present in the document as we did in previous example.

Step 3 − In third step, we will access the name of the first form using the name property and display it on the user screen using JavaScript.

Example 2

Below example will show how the forms property will react in case of nested forms −

let

form

document

forms

;

let

firstForm

form

[

]

name

;

“The name of first form in the document: “

firstForm

;

In this example, we have seen that forms property consider the nested forms as single form and returns the name of the first form in the document whether it contain nested forms or not.

After reading this tutorial, one can able to find the name of the first form in the document using the forms property of JavaScript. We also learnt about a new data type HTMLCollection that is very much similar to the array data type in JavaScript and also about the reaction of the forms property in case we have nested forms in the document.

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Quickly Find The File Path Of A Document In Mac

This is applicable for almost every apps in Mac.

Damien

Damien Oh started writing tech articles since 2007 and has over 10 years of experience in the tech industry. He is proficient in Windows, Linux, Mac, Android and iOS, and worked as a part time WordPress Developer. He is currently the owner and Editor-in-Chief of Make Tech Easier.

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How To Find Unique Characters Of A String In Javascript?

In this tutorial, we will see different approaches to finding unique characters in a string. Simply say when a character once occurred in the string then it will not be included in the string again.

Example

Input

Output

Method 1: Using the Set

So, in this approach, we will use a set data structure as you know it contains only unique elements inside it. So, we will take input from the user then we will convert that into an array by splitting then we will create a new set and put all the elements into that and again we will take back all the elements from the set to string and it will be containing only unique elements.

Syntax

Following is the syntax to find unique characters of a string:

val1

split

(

)

val1

new

Set

(

val1

)

val1

=[...

val1

join

(

)

Algorithm

STEP 1 − Create a variable and assign a string. Alternative assign the string value taken from user input.

STEP 2 − Apply the split(“”) method on the string to split it into an array of characters.

STEP 3 − Define a new set passing the array of characters as the argument. The new set will contain only unique characters.

STEP 4 − Join the characters from the set to create again a string.

STEP 5 − Display the string.

Example

Let’s see the program to find unique characters of a string using Set.

function

calculate

(

)

{

val1

document

getElementById

(

‘val1’

)

value val1

val1

split

(

“”

)

val1

new

Set

(

val1

)

val1

[

…

val1

]

join

(

“”

)

document

getElementById

(

‘calcOutput’

)

innerHTML

val1

}

Method 2: Loop with the indexOf() Method

We will take a variable and while iterating through the string we will check for the current character if it is occurring the first time that means the character at that position is -1 in the string then we will include that character else we will ignore it.

Syntax

Following is the syntax to find unique characters of a string using indexOf() method:

for

(

var

;

val1

length

;

++){

(

UniqueAns

indexOf

(

val1

charAt

(

))==-

)

UniqueAns

val1

[

];

}

Example

In the following program, we use the indexOf() method to find the unique characters in the string.

function

calculate

(

)

{

val1

document

getElementById

(

‘val1’

)

value

var

UniqueAns

“”

;

for

(

var

;

val1

length

;

)

{

(

UniqueAns

indexOf

(

val1

charAt

(

)

–

)

UniqueAns

val1

[

]

;

}

document

getElementById

(

‘calcOutput’

)

innerHTML

UniqueAns

}

Method 3: Using Loop with includes() Method

This is similar to the above approach but here we will use the includes method to check if the string contains the current char if it returns true then ignore it else if the function returns false it means we have visited this char for the first time so include it.

Syntax

Following is the syntax to find unique characters of a string:

for

(

var

;

val1

length

;

++){

(

UniqueAns

includes

(

val1

[

])==

false

)

UniqueAns

val1

[

];

}

Example

In the following program, we use the includes() method to find the unique characters in the string.

function

calculate

(

)

{

val1

document

getElementById

(

‘val1’

)

value

var

UniqueAns

“”

;

for

(

var

;

val1

length

;

)

{

(

UniqueAns

includes

(

val1

[

]

)

false

)

UniqueAns

val1

[

]

;

}

document

getElementById

(

‘calcOutput’

)

innerHTML

UniqueAns

}

How To Find A File In Linux Using The Find Command

The Linux find command is one of the most important and handy commands in Linux systems. It can, as the name suggests, find files on your Linux PC based on pretty much whatever conditions and variables you set. You can find files by permissions, users, groups, file type, date, size and other possible criteria using the find command. Here we show you how to find a file in Linux using the find command.

The find command is available on most Linux distro by default, so you do not have to install a package for it.

Find Files by Name in Current Directories

The most obvious way of searching for files is by name. To find a file by name in the current directory, run:

find

-name

chúng tôi you want to find a file by name that contains both capital and small letters, run:

find

-iname

chúng tôi you want to find a file in the root directory, prefix your search with sudo, which will give you all the permissions required to do so, and also the / symbol, which tells Linux to search in the root directory. Finally, the -print expression displays the directories of your search results. If you were looking for Gzip, you’d type:

sudo

find

-name

gzip

-print

Find Files Under Specific Directory

If you want to find files under a specific directory like “/home,” run:

find

home

-name

chúng tôi you want to find files with the “.txt” extension under the “/home” directory, run:

find

home

-name

"*.txt"

To find files whose name is “test.txt” under multiple directories like “/home” and “/opt”, run:

find

home

opt

-name

chúng tôi find hidden files in the “/home” directory, run:

find

home

-name

".*"

To find a single file called “test.txt” and remove it, run:

find

home

-type

-name

chúng tôi

-exec

-f

{

}

To find all empty files under the “/opt” directory, run:

find

opt

-type

-empty

Find Directories Using Name

If you want to find all directories whose name is “testdir” under the “/home” directory, run:

find

home

-type

-name

testdir

To file all empty directories under “/home,” run:

find

home

-type

-empty

Find Files with Certain Permissions

The find command can be used to find files with a specific permission using the perm option.

To find all files whose permissions are “777” in the “/home” directory, run:

find

home

-type

-perm

0777

-print

To find all the files without permission “777,” run:

find

-type

-perm

777

To find all read-only files, run:

find

home

-perm

To find all executable files, run:

find

home

-perm

To find all the sticky bit set files whose permissions are “553,” run:

find

home

-perm

1553

To find all SUID set files, run:

find

home

-perm

To find all files whose permissions are “777” and change their permissions to “700,” run:

find

home

-type

-perm

0777

-print

-exec

chmod

700

{

}

; Find Files and Directories Based on Date and Time

To find all the files under “/opt” which were modified 20 days earlier, run:

find

opt

-mtime

To find all the files under “/opt” which were accessed twenty days earlier, run:

find

opt

-atime

To find all the files under “/opt” which were modified more than 30 days earlier and less than 50 days after:

find

opt

-mtime

-50

To find all the files under “/opt” which were changed in the last two hours, run:

find

opt

-cmin

-120

Find Files and Directories Based on Size

To find all 10MB files under the “/home” directory, run:

find

home

-size

10M

To find all the files under the “/home” directory which are greater than 10MB and less than 50MB, run:

find

home

-size

+10M

-size

-50M

To find all “.mp4” files under the “/home” directory with more than 10MB and delete them using a single command, run:

find

home

-type

-name

.mp4

-size

+10M

-exec

{

}

;

As you can see, the find command is incredibly useful for administering a system, looking through directories to find files, and generally pruning the virtual directory tree in Linux. If you enjoyed this Linux article, make sure you check out some of our other Linux content, like how to use the scp command to securely transfer files, how to use nnn as a file manager in the terminal, and how to fix broken packages.

John Perkins

John is a young technical professional with a passion for educating users on the best ways to use their technology. He holds technical certifications covering topics ranging from computer hardware to cybersecurity to Linux system administration.

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By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy and European users agree to the data transfer policy. We will not share your data and you can unsubscribe at any time.

How To Form A Board Of Directors

Good boards are high-functioning workgroups whose members challenge and trust one another and engage directly with senior executives on critical issues facing the organisation.

Boards also set the long-term plans or direction of the company.

Boards can be found in many organisations, including for-profit businesses, charities, schools, and even nonprofits.

Many factors make up a great board. Here is an overview of some commonalities of successful boards.

How many people sit on a board of directors?

The composition of a board can make a difference between a successful board and a less successful one.

The board’s makeup can depend on the size and type of organisation.

However, it should have enough people to manage the organisation but not too many people that it is difficult to foster productive discussions.

For a small organisation, or SME, the board could be three people. For a more prominent firm, the board could be ten people.

It’s also crucial that there is a mix of skills on the board. This includes younger people with fewer years of experience who offer a different perspective and older people with a lot of industry experience.

Choose people with different skillsets to share their knowledge and develop innovative solutions and ideas.

Stay compliant, stay competitive

Build a better future with the Diploma in Corporate Governance.

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Book a call

Stay compliant, stay competitive

Build a better future with the Diploma in Corporate Governance.

When there is a diverse group of people with varying backgrounds, there will be different perspectives on how to run the organisation.

This can lead to more efficient and effective decision-making, ultimately putting the company in a better position.

One of the most significant benefits of having a diverse board is that they’ll deliver better results because of their different points of view.

The board members will come up with different conclusions, making all the difference in managing an organisation.

What happens during board meetings?

A great board of directors meets regularly to further the organisation’s objectives.

The meeting duration can vary depending on the organisation’s size and goals.

There isn’t a set schedule where they have to meet every month or year.

The important thing is that they are getting things done, whether it’s once a month or once every six months.

When you form a board of directors, you should have a goal for each meeting to ensure that there is a focus on their time together.

Meetings must also be productive, so there isn’t much time wasted on discussions or activities that don’t contribute to those goals.

A good board of directors manages risks. They must minimise company losses and safeguard its assets.

This is done by assessing potential risk factors, like new competitors in the market and mitigating the risks with solutions.

It includes things like developing strategies and adequately executing them.

A great board will have members that know how to manage a business and its growth.

What else does a great board do?

A great board of directors is independent of other influences. It sees things separately from the company to objectively assess opportunities and threats.

This means that wherever the company is, the board should be able to make decisions on the matter without any involvement from other influential people in the executive team.

A great board of directors can help determine a company’s direction by making decisions and leading discussions.

In addition, board members shouldn’t have conflicts of interest that would hinder their ability to put the organisation’s needs first.

For instance, having a board of directors made up of local competitors would not put the organisation’s needs first.

Competitors may want to put the needs of their own companies first.

Any decisions they make wouldn’t be independent and beneficial to the organisation.

Effective board members should be able to stand on their own regarding what they believe. They shouldn’t immediately give at the first sign of conflict.

The most productive conversations can occur when board members can defend and explain their perspectives and ideas in a way that doesn’t hinder progress.

Board members must feel able to express their opinions and contribute.

Does the CEO always sit on the board?

While some level of independence from the company’s leadership is essential, the CEO should still be involved in board meetings.

The CEO and other executive leaders that work within the company environment can have invaluable knowledge about the workplace culture and what’s happening with employees and customers.

The CEO shouldn’t be the only voice at board meetings, but they know that the board will need to access them to make the most informed decisions.

The success of a company can be determined by its board of directors.

Strong boards of directors are diverse, independent, and influential. They steer the company in the right direction and help it grow.

Great boards work for the company’s benefit, not themselves.

Are you interested in becoming a member of a board? Watch David W Duffy below, explain how the Diploma in Corporate Governance will give you the director training needed to excel in board meetings.

You can also download the course brochure below.

How To Find The Power Of T Test In R?

To find the power of t test, we can use chúng tôi function of pwr package where we can pass the arguments for type of the test such as one sample or two sample, alternative hypothesis such as one-sided or two-sided, significance level, difference for two samples, and the sample size.

Check out the below examples to understand how it works.

Example 1