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Before the COVID pandemic, peer-review was the beating heart of scientific publishing. In order for studies to enter the body of scientific knowledge, the expectation was that researchers would submit them to academic journals, which would send the papers out to other experts for edits and revisions before publishing.
But it’s a process that wasn’t well-suited to the urgency of the COVID pandemic, when early research could save lives. Peer-review often takes months, and it asks for huge amounts of unpaid labor on the part of the scientists who scrutinize papers. In early 2023, growing numbers of scientists began to post research on open-access databases, called preprint servers, before those preprints had been formally reviewed.
New research suggests that scientific norms are still operating on preprint servers. As physician and reporter Trisha Pasricha wrote in the Washington Post over the weekend, “when a group of authors puts any study in the public domain … they are placing their reputations on the line.”
Preprints, which are often referred to as “preliminary research” in the news, had already been gaining popularity in early-adopting fields like genomics and neuroscience—but the time pressures of the pandemic gave them a new primacy. Over the first year of the pandemic, preprint servers hosted 7,000 COVID papers, while journals published about 12,500 formal papers. (There was some overlap.) Unlike many journals, preprint servers are free for anyone to access, and researchers don’t have to pay to post on. Many of those early papers do end up going through peer-review: The co-founder of two key preprint servers recently wrote on Twitter that half of all 2023 COVID-preprints have now been formally published. Regardless, preprints have become central to the science of COVID and how it’s covered in the media.
That’s been a source of controversy. To critics of preprints, they’re a repository of questionable science. “The limitation is that any idiot can publish any idiotic stuff on a platform that doesn’t have pre-publication peer review,” as one former journal editor put it to a New York Times columnist last month. But according to two new analyses shared in the (peer-reviewed) journal PLOS Biology, preprints as a whole contain much of the same information and interpretations as peer-reviewed research.
In one paper, a computational biologist developed a tool to analyze thousands of pre-pandemic preprints and peer-reviewed work for linguistic differences. In the second, a group of scientists manually examined all 184 papers published both as preprints and with peer-review from December 2023 through April 2023.
Both analyses found that changes between preprints and reviewed publications rarely involved wholesale revisions of a paper’s conclusions. Most of the time, the researchers found only small grammatical edits. “I think what our findings do prompt is a reevaluation of the role of peer-review,” says Jonathon Coates, a postdoctoral researcher in immunology at the William Harvey Research Institute and an author on the second review. “Is the amount of time and money [both scientists and taxpayers] put into peer-review worth it?”
For the large-scale computational analysis, David Nicholson, a PhD candidate at the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Medicine, started with a broad question: “How do people use preprints?” But Nicholson’s team soon realized that the tool he’d developed could also be used to measure how peer-review affects scientific writing. “Peer-review is time consuming and long, but does it also equate to changes that we might see in papers?” he says.
Nicholson’s team compared 3 million articles in the National Institute of Health’s open-access research library to the 98,000 articles published as of February 2023 on the preprint server BioRxiv. (BioRxiv and its medicine-specific spinoff MedRxiv host the vast majority of COVID preprints.) They also matched preprints with their published versions to analyze the changes.
“What David sees is that the things that changed are typesetting marks, like the plus or minus symbol, the em-dash, as well as words like ‘additional,’ ‘supplementary,’ and ‘file,’” says Casey Greene, a computational biologist at the University of Colorado School of Medicine and an author on the paper. “That suggests people probably aren’t dramatically changing the text as they’re publishing it, they’re adding additional support to key claims, and their stuff is getting typeset.”
Meanwhile, the second, more-granular review showed what those small changes looked like in practice. Coates’ team found only one instance where authors had reversed a conclusion during peer-review, although 17 percent of COVID papers and 7 percent of non-COVID papers had “major changes” in their conclusions. “One of the things we did notice between preprint and paper is not a difference in the conclusion, but how the conclusion was worded,” Coates says. For example, a noun would be swapped out, or the certainty would be dialed back. “The peer-review process is saying, yeah you’re right, but tone your language down a little bit,” Coates adds.
The takeaway, Coates and his co-authors argue, is not to suddenly trust the reliability of preprints. It’s to be equally willing to question peer-reviewed work. “You should trust the peer-reviewed literature as much as you trust a preprint,” he says. “That, I think, just comes down to common sense. Whenever you read a paper you should be sort of doing your own peer-review; you should be asking other people what they think.”
[Related: How to tell science from pseudoscience]
MedRxiv and BioRxiv do screen for plagiarized, non-scientific, and obviously false work. And projects like the Preprint Review Club, a group of early-career immunologists across universities, have sprung up to provide standardized reviews for work that hasn’t been formally published.
“The end goal is to make [publishing] a more collaborative project that will benefit us all as a scientific community,” says Ester Gea-Mallorquí, an immunologist at the University of Oxford, and a coordinator for the Preprint Club. “We aim to contribute to this independent and more transparent process of review, providing feedback, and constructive criticism.”
Gea-Mallorquí says that based on her experience, “most preprints are quite finalized when they are uploaded.” But, she says, to see such small changes was a surprise—and one that should encourage more openness in the publishing process.
Peer-review hasn’t always been a perfect shield, either. A now-debunked but widely cited paper on hydroxychloroquine working as a treatment for COVID was published in the International Journal of Microbial Agents. The point of the process is to filter out plagiarism or faulty logic, not necessarily to settle on correct answers.
During the pandemic, scientific journals have adapted in some ways. Publication times for COVID-related research were shortened, and Coates says that reviewers were less likely to ask for additional experiments and results, in recognition that it was physically hard to get into a lab during lockdowns. The prominent journal publisher Taylor & Francis also began selling “accelerated publication” options to potential authors—charging $7,000 to publish articles in three to five weeks after submission.
Ultimately, preprint servers take decision making power out of the hands of scientific journals and give it to researchers. “It just switches when research is shared,” says Coates. “Instead of waiting for an editor and some random peer reviewers to say this is acceptable to share, the scientist makes that decision.”
That’s particularly valuable to early-career researchers like himself. “[Preprint servers] cook down that year between having finished research and having it published, so we can apply for grants,” Coates says. What’s more, they make studies accessible to a wider audience. “It’s really good for the general public as well because if you’re interested in a bit of research, you can actually read it instead of paying up to $10,000 just to get access in a journal,” he explains.
Still, Gea-Mallorqui says the immediacy of preprints can have drawbacks: “It is also true that as experts on the field, when looking at preprints we do already filter the ones that [are] more significant.” Even though preprint servers have been quick to remove misleading studies—she raises the recent “deltacron” paper as an example—they can still make a splash in the media.
Without that collaboration, Coates says, it’s also likely that his group’s work would not have been formally peer-reviewed: They didn’t have the money for publication fees, which Greene’s lab ended up being willing to cover.
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Administrator Account Has Been Disabled On Windows 11/10
This article mentions various methods to fix your disabled administrator account on Windows 11/10. To access most of the features, you need administrator privilege on your PC. And, if you are not able to access the administrator account for some reason, it can prevent you from doing a lot of things on your computer. If you are facing a disabled administrator account problem, look no further. Here, I will be discussing some solutions to resolve this issue.
Administrator Account has been disabled on Windows 11/10Here are the methods that you can try if you are unable to access the administrator account on Windows 11/10:
Restart Windows in Safe Mode
Activate Administrator account through Command Prompt
Use Registry Editor
Fix it through Group Policy Editor
Create a new Administrator Account
Use PowerShell to Enable Hidden Administrator Account
Let’s discuss these solutions in detail!
1] Restart Windows in Safe ModeCheck if you can log on to Windows as an administrator in Safe Mode even when your administrator account is disabled. To boot Windows in Safe mode:
Press the key assigned for Enable Safe Mode option and then Windows will start in safe mode.
Once there, see if you can log in. One in, do the following:
Open Computer Management
Expand Local Users and Groups
2] Activate Administrator account through Command PromptTry activating the administrator account using the command prompt and see if it is able to fix the problem. You can follow the below steps for that:
First, press and hold the Shift key and then tap on the Restart option on your login screen. This will take you to Advanced Boot Options.
Choose a user account and enter the password to it.
When the Command Prompt opens up, execute this command in it: net user administrator /active:yes
Reboot your PC and check.
The above suggestions will help you if it is your admin account that has disabled.
The following suggestions will require you to be signed in as an administrator. So if it is someone else’s Admin account that has been disabled, you can try to re-enable it using the usual method or try these suggestions.
3] Use Registry EditorOpen Command Prompt using steps mentioned in method (2). Now, type regedit in CMD and press Enter button. Doing so will open up Registry Editor.
Next, browse the following location on your PC: C:WindowsSystem32config.
Now, you need to go to the following path in Registry Editor:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESAMDomainsAccountUsersFinally, press the OK button and then close both Registry Editor and CMD to reboot your PC.
This should fix the disabled administrator account issue on Windows 11/10.
Related: How to Enable or Disable built-in Administrator account in Windows 11/10.
4] Fix it through Group Policy EditorGroup Policy Editor allows you to configure several policies and can be used to control user accounts. You can use it to fix disabled administrator account on Windows 10 PC by following below steps:
In the Group Policy Editor, go to the following option:
5] Create a new Administrator AccountTry creating a new admin account on your PC if you still get a disabled administrator account problem. You can create a user account and then convert it to an Administrator account. Use the Settings app to create a new administrator account by following the below instructions:
Now, select Add someone else to this PC option from the right panel.
On the next prompt, select I don’t have this person’s sign-in information option.
Next, select Add a user without a Microsoft account, then enter the preferred name and password for your account, and then press the Next button.
Set the Account Type to Administrator and press the OK button.
This will create an administrator account that you can start using.
6] Use PowerShell to Enable Hidden Administrator AccountAnother trick to fix the disabled administrator account issue is to try enabling the hidden administrator account using Powershell.
Press Windows + X key to open up the shortcut menu and select Windows Powershell (Admin) option from it.
Alternately, go to the search box and type PowerShell and then open the Powershell app using the Run as administrator option.
Next, type and execute this command in Powershell:
Enable-LocalUser -Name "Administrator"Doing so should enable you to access your administrator account on Windows 11/10.
Hopefully, this guide was helpful in case you were unable to access your administrator account on Windows 11/10.
Now read: Your IT administrator has disabled Windows Security
Windows 11 Has Been Officially Released
Windows 11 has been officially released
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The wait is finally over, as Microsoft just launched its new, improved operating system.
Windows 11 is now available for the general public, but not all will get it right away.
Redmond officials said that newer devices will have priority in this massive release process
Since there are so many users waiting for fo the new OS, the rollout will stretch until mid-2023.
Ever since the first leaked version of Windows 11 appeared on the internet, people have been constantly speculating on when the OS will officially be released.
Some even thought that this was all a big hoax, and all that was coming was only a system-wide revamp for Windows 10.
Now, on October 5th, we are happy to announce that Windows 11, version 21H2, has been officially released to the general public and will soon be in your home, provided your device has the necessary specs.
The rollout process will prioritize newer machines first and will continue to become available for everyone throughout 2023, until mid-2023.
What’s new in Windows 11?Let’s start at the beginning, with the Out of Box Experience, and mention that the Installation UI will now show the Windows 11 logo in some places.
Also, some form controls have been updated to match the Windows 11 form controls in the Installation UI. When using the Home edition, you must set up an internet connection, to be able to install it.
During OOBE, you will not be asked to name your PC, instead of having Windows generate a name consisting out of random numbers and letters. A random name can still be set by skipping this step.
After connecting to the internet, you’ll see sign-in options that allow you to set up a local account with internet.
This entire experience has been redesigned from the ground up, with half the screen dedicated to animations to visualize what you’re doing.
Windows will now ask you to restore your device from a previous system setup in the OOBE.
The Getting things ready for you UI is now animated with fading blue glows behind the text.
The Getting things ready for you UI now has a light theme in addition to the dark theme.
The OOBE will now ask if the device will be used by just you or your family and help setup a family group once the OOBE completes.
The OOBE will now ask you what you use your device for.
The OOBE is an excellent opportunity for fresh users to get acquainted with this new and improved operating system.
But don’t go thinking that Windows 11 is just a reskinned version of Windows 10, because you couldn’t be more wrong.
At its core, it’s still a Windows OS, so there are of course many similarities, but this is a whole new and enhanced experience.
The Redmond tech giant sought to tweak and improve everything it possibly could. Here are some of the changes that you will surely enjoy while dealing with Windows 11:
Start + taskbar User Interface and Experience
App windows will now appear with rounded corners.
Windows has various new animations for resizing windows.
Most sounds have been replaced.
The acrylic effect in some UI elements is now more translucent and has an increased saturation.
Apps can now use theme-aware splash screens
Replaces the MDL2 icons in the Windows UI with Segoe Fluent Icons.
Updates the window opening and closing animations.
Windows Shake has been made optional, and is disabled by default.
The desktop icon set has been revamped with new Fluent style icons.
Windows Snap & sizing
Hovering over the maximize button will now show a variety of snap positions for your window depending on your screen size, resolution, and scaling.
Windows will now resize all windows in any composition, previously this only worked when only 2 windows where snapped on both sides. A snap composition doesn’t need to be completely filled for this to work.
The Snap preview is now an acrylic window rather than a light shadow.
In portrait mode, moving a window to the left and right side will now snap apps to the top and bottom of the window.
Windows now supports snap compositions where 3 apps are shown in a row, similar to Windows 8.1’s Snap for Modern apps.
Dragging a window around with touch will now show the windows dropped into itself with an acrylic border.
The touch-targets for resizing windows is now much larger both when resizing individual windows as well as Snap compositions.
File Explorer Settings General
Settings has an updated icon to match the other new app icons.
The Settings app has been redesigned, moving the categories to the sidebar and the pages to the main content area.
Settings have now been divided on their page in sections with improved iconography for better readability.
Various system alerts previously styled in the Windows 8-design language have been refreshed.
System Bluetooth & devices
“Devices” has been renamed “Bluetooth & devices”.
The home page of this category now shows your paired devices and their status at the top of the page.
Devices
A controller has been added as an example for the Bluetooth option in the “Add a device” dialog.
The notification to pair Bluetooth devices will now remain on screen longer.
“Bluetooth & other devices” has been renamed “Devices”.
Your Phone
“Your Phone” has been added as a page.
The link to the settings page provides a quick link to the Your Phone app.
Cameras
Adds the camera page which allows you to manage webcams and other network-connected cameras.
Touch
A setting has been added to enable three- and four-finger touch gestures. Enabled by default.
Touchpad
Toggling the touchpad no longer required admin privileges.
Typing
“Typing” has been moved from this category to “Time & language”.
Phone
The “Phone” category has been consolidated into “Bluetooth & devices”.
Network & internet Personalization Apps
Default apps
The basic default app settings have been removed.
A search field has been added to “Choose default apps by file type”.
Windows will now prefer to open text files in either Notepad or Word by default, instead of WordPad.
Offline maps
The wording of various phrases has been updated.
Optional features
“Optional features” has been added to manage features.
Accounts
The homepage of this category now shows your Microsoft Rewards points and OneDrive status.
Your info
Previous profile pictures are no longer shown.
Email & accounts
You can now pick Microsoft Edge when setting up Assigned Access.
Whenever you need to sign in again because something about your account changed, the notifications will now make this clear by saying “Select here to sign in to your account to continue using apps between this device and your other devices.” instead of telling you to fix your account.
Windows backup
“Sync your settings” has been renamed to “Windows Backup”.
The page now shows your Desktop icon and name, as well as the status of your OneDrive account and whether or not apps and preferences are being backed up.
A setting has been added to sync your theme.
Time & language
Date & time
The “Set time zone automatically” toggle will be disabled if location is disabled.
When the time zone in your locations changes, Windows will now show a notification indicating that the time zone is being changed, if the OS isn’t certain about this change, it will provide options within the notifications to not change the time zone.
Language & region
The individual “Language” and “Region” pages have been merged into one page.
Typing
Typing has been moved from “Devices” to this category.
Gaming
Xbox Game Bar
Settings to manage Xbox Game Bar shortcuts have been removed in favor of the in the Game Bar present settings.
Xbox Networking
The “Xbox Networking”-page has been removed.
Accessibility
“Ease of Access” has been renamed to “Accessibility”.
Text size
“Text size” has been added as a new page and contains text size-settings previously contained on the “Display”-page.
Visual Effects
“Visual effects” has been added as a new page and contains settings related to animations, transparency, scrollbars, and notification duration which were previously available on the “Display”-page.
Mouse pointer and touch
The “Mouse pointer”-page has been renamed to “Mouse pointer and touch”.
Text cursor
The page icon has been updated.
Magnifier
Magnifier now follows keyboard focus by default.
Color filter
A preview image and color grid has been added to better preview the filter.
High Contrast
The high contrast themes have been removed and replaced with 4 new themes named Aquatic, Desert, Dusk, and Night sky.
The high contrast themes are now selected from a visual representation similar to normal system themes.
Captions
“Closed captions” has been renamed “Captions”.
The captions preview is now an enlargeable video.
You can now create multiple caption styles and switch between them with a dropdown.
Privacy & security
“Windows Update” is a new category consisting out of all pages from “Update & Security” that are related to Windows Update.
Windows Update
Windows Update will now keep your drivers up-to-date as part of Optional Updates.
You can now copy the text from Optional Updates Available.
The toggle for “Automatically adjust active hours for this device based on activity” is now enabled by default and will enable if you’ve never interacted with it.
Windows Insider Program
Updates the names of the various Windows Insider Channels.
Touch
Many new touch gestures have been added, they mostly match the default Precision Touchpad multi-finger gestures.
Swiping in from the left side will now open Widgets instead of Task View.
Apps Connect
Connect now has an updated icon.
Control Panel
Volume Mixer has been removed.
“Device Encryption” has been renamed “BitLocker Drive Encryption”.
The “Administrative Tools” have been renamed “Windows Tools”.
Device Manager
Device Manager will no longer ask you to install drivers from a floppy disk in the A-drive by default.
Options to sort drivers as “Devices by drivers”, “Drivers by type”, and “Drivers by devices” have been added.
Get Started
Get Started has been added as a default app.
Get Started walks you though settings up OneDrive, Microsoft Edge, and Your Phone.
Internet Explorer
Internet Explorer has been removed.
Options related to the UI of Internet Explorer have been removed from Internet Options.
Microsoft Edge
Microsoft Edge Legacy support has been removed.
Microsoft Store
The Microsoft Store has been redesigned.
Notepad
Notepad now supports for its windows to persist through updates.
Notepad is now updated through the Microsoft Store.
Notepad now has an updated icon.
Paint
Paint is now updated through the Microsoft Store.
Paint now has an updated icon.
People
The People app no longer appears as an app in the app list, it can now be accessed from Mail and Calendar only.
Power Automate Desktop
Power Automate Desktop has been added as a default app.
PowerShell
PowerShell will now run as x64 on ARM64 instead of x86.
Register
Adds support for using Ctrl + Backspace to delete an entire word in the Find window, when renaming a key and other places.
Snip & Sketch + Snipping Tool
Snipping Tool can now be uninstalled through Optional Features.
Snipping Tool is now updated through the Microsoft Store.
Snipping Tool has been added to Snip & Sketch, installing one will install the other.
Task Manager
Task Manager has a new icon
Under the tab Details, a new column has been added called “Architecture” as an optional column.
The keyboard short cut for Restart is now Alt + R when setting focus to the Windows Explorer in the Processes tab.
Updates the scaling of graphs in the Task Manager’s Performance-tab.
Adds support for properly classifying the various processes of Microsoft Edge.
Windows Sandbox
Windows Sandbox and Microsoft Defender Application Guard now use a new runtime that optimizes for container scenarios.
Windows Sandbox has been updated to include the new Microsoft Edge.
Windows Sandbox WDB files are now case insensitive.
Windows Security
Updates the Windows Security icon.
Improved performance when there are a large number of detections.
Windows Subsystem for Linux
WSL is now services through Microsoft Update like 3rd party drivers.
Support for GPU compute.
WSL can now be installed with the wsl -install command and updated with wsl -update.
Support for accessing the Linux file system when they are not natively supported in Windows.
The default path to access Linux files from Windows has been changed from \wsl\ to \wsl.localhost\.
Linux GUI applications can now run on Windows through WSL.
Windows Terminal
Windows Terminal has been added as a default app.
Other app changes
3D Viewer has been removed as a default app.
OneNote for Windows 10 has been removed as a default app.
Paint 3D has been removed as a default app.
Skype has been removed as a default app.
Fonts
The Segoe UI Variable font has been added.
Support for Emoji 12.1 and 13.0, as well as updates to pre-existing emojis.
The Ebrima font has been updated to support Bamum characters.
The Nirmala UI font has been updated to improve how characters are displayed.
The Segoe UI Historic font now supports characters from the Bamum Unicode range.
Language and input
The touch keyboard now has support for theming with 13 themes included by default.
The voice typing launcher has been can now be placed anywhere on the screen.
The Scottish Gaelic keyboard will now use AltGr + 7 to input ⁊, pressing ´ will now directly insert this characters and Alt Gr + ´ will now act as a dead key to add the acute accent to the next letter.
The on-screen keyboard will now open by default when tapping in a text field on a touchscreen device.
The new touch keyboard introduces a revamped design that can float around on the screen.
The floating keyboard now has an acrylic background.
The accent color is no longer used to colors keys that are being tapped, new animations have been added as well as sounds.
Selecting child keys is now easier.
The settings menu now labels all options including the various keyboard layouts.
The revamped emoji bar design is now integrated in the keyboard.
Voiced Typing is now integrated in the keyboard.
You can now control your cursor with the spacebar.
The keyboard now supports the split keyboard layout in portrait mode.
The Emoji picker now has an updated design with an in-line search box for emojis.
Adds a new home page showing the most recently used emojis, gifs, kaomoji’s and symbols.
Adds a new page for gifs.
The Kaomoji’s tabs are now represented by text rather than icons.
The Symbol’s tabs are now represented by text rather than a singular character from the group.
Adds a new page for your clipboard history.
The N’Ko keboard layout has been updated so that pressing Shift + 6 will now insert ߾ and pressing Shift + 7 will now insert ߿.
The Math Input Panel has been removed.
The dictation UI has been updated to appear floating at the bottom of the screen instead of beng locked to the top bar.
Improved spellchecking and text prediction relevance.
Undocking the keyboard will now automatically switch it to the small keyboard layout.
The symbols view has been updated for the small and split keyboard layouts.
The keyboard layouts are now a nested menu under settings rather than a top-level one.
Updates the password feedback icon to an eye-icon instead of a blinking-key icon.
When the keyboard is shown on screens larger than 12″, the Esc, Tab and Windows key will be shown as well.
The candidate bar will now only show up to 5 results and center them for easier access.
The N’Ko keyboard layout now provides quick access to currency and other symbols by holding Shift and using the top row.
A new Japanse 50-on touch keyboard has been added.
The launch animation for the touch keyboard has been updated to better work with UWP apps where the content reflows as the keyboard appears.
The touch keyboard will now show a backslash when setting focus to the Run dialog.
Emoji picker & Clipboard
You can now pin items in the clipboard history.
An option to “Paste as plain text” has been added to the clipboard history.
Support for searching in Amharic, Belarus, Cherokee, Filipino, Faroese, Icelandic, Khmer, Mongolian (Cyrillic script), Burmese, Sindhi, Serbian (Cyrillic script), Serbian (Latin script), Swahili, Thai, Turkmen, Tonga, Uzbek (Latin script), and Cantonese (Traditional) has been added.
Updates the sort order of the symbols in the emoji panel.
Input Method Editor
The Korean IME has been updated with a new candidate selection window and improved algorithms for text prediction when using the touch keyboard.
The Japanese IME can now switch between Hiragana and Katakana by using Ctrl + CapsLock and Alt + CapsLock respectively.
The Japanese Address and Rinna candidate suggestion services has been removed from the Japanese IME.
Revamps the IME design to be more in line with Fluent Design.
The IME now provides quick access to the emoji picker.
The Korean IME has been reversed to the version shipping in Windows 10 version 2004, 20H2, and 21H1.
Accessibility
Windows Voice Typing replaces Windows dictation.
Narrator will no longer enable scan mode when interacting with Excel’s Ideas pane.
Narrator can now distinguish candidate characters and words by providing detailed reading information when using the Pinyin IME.
Narrator will now tell you that no linked item is available when annotated content and linked control Narrator commands are invoked.
Microsoft Print to PDF will now try to convert a provided font glyph to Unicode where possible.
Narrator will now read out any notification that appeared while the computer is locked and was labeled as high priority.
Narrator will now announce that notifications have been cleared when deleting a group of notifications when using the Delete key or Dismiss button.
Narrator has an updated icon.
Magnifier has improved, smoother motion when transitioning between mouse and keyboard.
Advanced startup has been improved to allow for a number of Accessibility functions to work as expected.
Gaming
Auto HDR Preview has been added to automatically apply HDR visuals to over 1000 DirectX 11 and 12 games.
Features & technologies
Native support for Wi-Fi 6E has been added.
DNS-over-HTTPS support has been added.
Support for DNS over HTTPS has been added.
Support for nested virtualization voor AMD processors.
Support for TLS 1.3.
Support for the AAC codec has been added.
HDR support has been added for color managed apps.
Adds support for Hyper-V features on ARM devices.
ESENT Warning Event ID 642 has been turned off.
Support for x64 emulation on ARM devices.
Compatibility settings for x64 applications have been added.
Windows will now require your system to have a TPM2-compatible CPU or TPM-module.
Official support for 7th gen Intel and Zen 1 AMD CPUs and lower has been dropped.
The minimum RAM requirements has been updated from 2GB to 4GB.
The minimum storage requirement has been updated from 32GB to 64GB.
The minimum display resolution has been updated from 800×600 to 1280×720.
The display size must be 9 inch or larger.
The minimum graphics card requirements have been updated from DirectX 9 to DirectX 12, and from WDDM 1.0 to WDDM 2.0.
Support for legacy BIOS has ben dropped.
Support for single-core CPUs has been dropped.
All hardware requirements are ignored for virtualized instances of Windows 11.
Windows is no longer available in a 32bit edition.
System
MSI installers will now show a new icon.
The Segoe UI font has been replaced with Segoe UI Variable as the new default Windows font.
You will now receive a notification whenever an app registers as a startup app.
Other features
The Eye Control settings have been redesigned to span multiple pages to make it easier to navigate.
Services implemented by binaries residing in the user profile will now persist through upgrades.
You can now reset apps from the command line with Reset-AppxPackage.
Windows Sandbox and Microsoft Defender Application Guard now use a new runtime that optimizes for container scenarios.
Windows Sandbox has been updated to include the new Microsoft Edge.
“Use legacy display ICC color management” has been added to program properties.
You will now receive a notification whenever an app registers as a startup app.
The Windows Recovery Environment no longer requires an admin password to access recovery tools.
Improved the drag-and-drop default cursor design when dragging items into other apps.
Users will no longer be reminded of Home Group’s removal.
Improved support for 940nm wavelength cameras in Windows Hello.
Starting your username with a space when logging in will no longer cause an error.
Replaces the display version with “Dev” rather than the YYHH-version, and removes the copyright year from the Windows version dialog.
Known issuesSince we’ve gone through almost everything new that Windows 11 brings to the table, let’s also have a peek at some of the known issues that this OS has.
You weren’t thinking that everything was just going to be perfect, were you? But don’t worry, because its mainly about some compatibility problems, nothing to be alarmed about.
Oracle VirtualBox and Windows 11As we mentioned a few weeks ago, the Oracle VirtualBox VM won’t really work with Windows 11 as it did before.
Microsoft and Oracle have found a compatibility issue between VirtualBox and Windows 11 when Hyper-V or Windows Hypervisor is installed.
As a result, you might be unable to start Virtual machines and you might receive an error.
Expert tip:
In order to mitigate the safeguard, you will need to remove Hyper-V or Windows Hypervisor until this issue is resolved with an update
However, if you are no longer using VirtualBox, uninstalling it should also mitigate the safeguard. Please note, if there are no other safeguards that affect your device, it can take up to 48 hours before the upgrade to Windows 11 is offered.
NOTE
Intel Killer networking software and Windows 11
Some compatibility issues have also been found between some Intel Killer networking software and Windows 11.
Thus, devices with the affected software might drop User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets under certain conditions.
This creates performance and other problems for protocols based on UDP. For example, some websites might load slower than others on affected devices, with videos streaming slower in certain resolutions.
Keep in mind that VPN solutions based on UDP might also be slower.
NOTE
Microsoft is working on a resolution and targeting its release in the October security update (October 12, 2023).
The Cốc Cốc browser and Windows 11Since we were discussing compatibility conflicts, here’s another one that might interest you, even if we are talking about software that’s not so widely used.
The Cốc Cốc browser might be unable to open and, on some devices, might cause other issues or critical errors.
In order to safeguard your upgrade experience, Microsoft applied a compatibility hold on these devices from installing or being offered Windows 11.
NOTE
We recommend that you do not attempt to manually upgrade using the Update now button or the Media Creation Tool until this issue has been resolved.
Removed featuresAs you might have imagined, certain features that we used and enjoyed during Windows 11’s predecessor are no longer available on the new OS.
Of course, you can continue using them if you still haven’t upgraded, but once you did, they will be gone.
Here is a complete list of all removed features, so that you get the general idea of what we’re dealing with:
Bundled apps
3D Viewer
Cortana
Internet Explorer
OneNote for Windows 10
Paint 3D
Skype
Wallet
Windows shell
Quick Status
Tablet mode
The Timeline feature in Task View
The Save Search option in File Explorer
In addition:
The touch keyboard no longer docks in screens larger than 18 inches.[1]
Windows no longer synchronizes desktop wallpapers across devices with a Microsoft account.[1]
Folder previews for images or videos contained in that folder in thumbnail view/large/extra large icon views are removed. The generic folder icon is now shown for any folder containing images or videos.
Start menuSome functionality from the Start menu will be removed and replaced with other features.
Folders and groups
Live tiles (the Widgets app provides portions of what the live tiles of Windows 10’s bundled apps once provided)
Pinned apps and sites
Recent and pinned files on apps
TaskbarMicrosoft has listed News & Interest among the removals but instead says that it has been evolved. This part of the taskbar, introduced in Windows 10 version 21H1, is now called Widgets.
Support for showing each instance of an application as a separate button in the taskbar
ArchitectureWindows 11 only runs on the x64 or ARM64 CPU architectures. As such, the NTVDM subsystem, which was never available on these architectures, is no longer part of Windows 11.
This is only the first version of the new OS that has been released to the general public, but the Redmond-based tech company is working on bringing more improvements to it, as well as a second version.
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This Version Of Office Has Been Deprovisioned
This version of Office has been deprovisioned [FIXED]
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It is certainly annoying to face issues in your system when you have to finish off the most important task that has been assigned by your boss. If you are reading this article, you must have come across with the activation error stating This version of Office has been deprovisioned.
Deprovisioning is basically revoking access, licenses, or credentials from a user. It is often done to avoid security breaches when an employee leaves the office. Moreover, there are some other reasons behind this activation error.
How do I fix deprovisioning in Office 365? Solution 1: Check your Subscription StatusOne of the most obvious reasons for the issue is that your subscription might have expired. Either you are using a subscription provided by your organization or just using your individual purchased version of the Office, you have to make sure that it’s still active.
In case the subscription has expired, just renew your subscription before moving to the next steps.
Office 365 users can simply renew their subscription by following these steps:
Navigate to the Services & subscriptions
page.
Sign-in to your account by using the credentials
linked with your Office 365 subscription.
Navigate to the Cancelled subscriptions
section and
Subscriptions
section to review the details.
If your subscription has been expired visit chúng tôi to renew it.
— RELATED: 8 best antivirus for Office 365: Here’s what to use in 2023
Solution 2: Troubleshoot Office ActivationExpert tip:
The Office 2023, Office 2023 and Office 2013 users can use these solution to download the troubleshooter for their respective versions. While those who are using Office 365 can use Support and Recovery Assistant to fix these problems.
Download Support and Recovery Assistant and open the downloaded file.
You can easily troubleshoot the activation issues by following the prompts.
Solution 3: Check your computer’s date, time, and time zoneOften the date and time zone issues are the reason behind the activation issues in as the incorrect settings can cause your activation to fail. You can follow these steps to correct the settings.
Close all the currently opened Office apps.
Select
date or time that is available at the bottom right-hand corner of your screen.
You can either choose to Set time automatically
or correct the date and time settings using Change date and time.
In the end, you have to restart your office application to check if the issue has been resolved.
— RELATED: Recent Office 365 updates cause Outlook to freeze?
Solution 4: Check for multiple copies of OfficeYou might not know that you have multiple copies of Office currently installed in your PC. These versions might conflict and could be a cause of the issue so we first have to uninstall them.
Open Start menu and search for the Control Panel.
You will see a list of search results, open Control Panel from the list.
Once it is opened navigate towards Programs and Features.
Search for office in the Search bar and you might be able to see the multiple versions installed in your PC.
Finally, open your Office application and complete the Sign-in process if required.
Solution 5: Perform a full repair of your Office installation
Performing a full repair of your Office installation is a comprehensive fix to any issues that exist in the software.
Now you have to find Microsoft Office from the list of your installed applications.
We hope one of these solutions helped you to fix this issue.
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This Message Has Not Been Downloaded From The Server, Fix
This article explains how you can fix when you encounter the ‘This message has not been downloaded from the server’ error message while attempting to check your emails on your iPhone or iPad. Some users report that they see this message when they want to open an email message with an attachment.
It seems that this issue is affecting both POP and IMAP email accounts.
If you see “no sender” or “no subject”, see this article.
This is a known issue. Sometimes the Mail app on the iPhone or iPad may refuse to download and show new email messages even though the message was received fully and successfully. If you see this message, this means that the mail message you want to see has been interrupted when trying to download the email from the mail server.
Here is how you can address this problem. Make sure to check your device after each step to see if the Mail app starts working.
See also: How To Delete Spam & Trash (Instead of Archiving) Fast in iOS (Gmail)
Restart your iPhone or iPadSimply restarting your device may fix your problem. Here is how you can restart your device:
iPhone X, 11, or later and iPad with Face ID models
Press and hold the volume up (or down) and the side buttons together until you see the power off slider.
Drag the slider. And wait about a minute.
Press and hold the side (or top) button until you see the Apple logo.
Other iPhone models and iPad with a Home button models
Press and hold the side or top button until you see the red slider. Then slide the slider.
Wait about a minute.
Press and hold the side or top button until you see the Apple logo.
Check your connection to the InternetYou may experience this problem if you do not have a connection. Make sure that your iPhone or iPad is connected to a Wi-Fi or cellular network. You can easily check this:
Open the Safari app on your iOS or iPadOS device (you may also use any other browser).
If you are experiencing this problem, you may try the following troubleshooting tips:
Restart your Wi-Fi modem and router. Just unplug them and wait about a minute and then plug them back in.
Restart your iPhone or iPad.
Try a different Wi-Fi network.
Contact your carrier or network provider. It is possible that issues with your carrier or account might affect your service.
Update Update your mail settings
Turn off Push.
Set Fetch Settings to Automatically. If it is already Automatically, change it to Manually.
Change all accounts to Fetch.
Now restart your iPhone or iPad.
Quit the Mail appYou may want to quit the Mail app and then restart it. Here is how:
If your device has a Home button, double press the Home button. If not, swipe up from the bottom of your screen. This will reveal the most recently used apps.
Find the Mail app.
Swipe up on the Mail’s icon preview to close it.
Reopen the Mail app and check to see if your issue is fixed.
Delete your mail account and then readdYou may be having this problem because your mail settings may be wrong. You may just want to delete and then add it again. Here is how:
Find and tap your email account and Tap Delete Account.
Now you will need to add your account again.
Forward the messageThis is not a solution but a trick so that you can view the message. Here is how:
Open Mail and find the message that you are unable to see
And you will be able to see the message.
Please note that you can also use the webmail versions. For example, if this is an iCloud email account then you can go to chúng tôi to check your emails.
If nothing works for you, then you might need to contact Apple Support for further assistance.
See also: Gmail won’t load
Reaching For Halo Infinite: What Has Master Chief Been Up To?
Reaching For Halo Infinite: What has Master Chief been up to?
There’s three years between Halo 5 and Halo: Infinite, how did Master Chief end up unconscious in space?
Regardless of your opinions of Halo 5 and 343 Industries, Master Chief has been on an emotional roller coaster since the reclaimer saga began. Everyone is talking about Halo Infinite Master Chief, but what about post-Halo 5 Master Chief?
Cortana, the only entity Master Chief has formed a personal relationship with for years, turned rampant. She is now hell-bent on destroying mankind with her network of surveillance and fellow A.I. Earth is forfeit and the UNSC is on the brink of destruction, how can life, or Master Chief, go on in Halo: Infinite? Let’s cast our minds back to the end of Halo 5 and take it from there.
Team Osiris manages to free Blue Team from the clutches of Cortana’s cryptum, and then the screen goes black. Locke tells Master Chief that Cortana is gone, which is followed by a dead-filled scene from the UNSC Infinity jumping into slip-space, narrowly avoiding a massive EMP pulse from a Guardian. A panicked Lasky commands random hyperspace jumps until they find a way to fight back.
Thanks to Fireteam Osiris and 031 Exuberant Witness, Cortana’s plan to keep Master Chief and Blue Team in stasis for 10,000 years was foiled. This was a last resort effort of a rampant Cortana desperate for Master Chief to understand why her actions are necessary for everlasting peace in years to come. Yeah, it’s best to just avoid A.I rampancy if you can readers.
Halo Infinite Master Chief – How did they get off Genesis?
031 Exuberant Witness confirmed there were no Forerunner vehicles suitable to transport eight people off-planet, but craft left from recent visitors may suffice. Opting for a portal summoned by Exuberant Witness alongside commandeering a Pelican, they ended up on Sang Helios.
Locke also stood down and confirmed Chief did what he could, which lead to the Blue Teams’ revelation of Dr. Halsey being aboard UNSC Infinity, hoping she knows how to take Cortana down once and for all. After all, she knew Cortana better than anyone. Little did they know that Halsey would shortly greet them.
Spartan Palmer, The Arbiter, and Catherine Halsey greeted Master Chief and company, with Halsey displaying her standard sarcasm and whit stating “Well, it took you long enough”. It had been six years since Chief and Halsey had seen each other, and it was time for a night of feasting and rest to celebrate the Sang Helios victory against the Covenant loyalists fought just hours before.
The following morning, at around 6 AM, human forces bid the Arbiter and company farewell as they boarded the Pelican to meet the USNC Infinity. Chief, Locke, Halsey, and a handful of Spartans were called to the bridge As they entered the fifth dock, ending Halo 5.
Halo Infinite Master Chief – Shadows Of Reach
Around one year after the events of Halo 5, Blue Team is sent back to where it all began, Reach. Their task, Operation Wolf, is to recover an asset needed in the fight against Cortana (now dubbed ‘The Created’) from beneath the ruins of Oni’s Castle Base. The planet was previously destroyed and glassed by the Covenant shortly before the events of Halo: CE. These events are covered from the viewpoint of Spartan Team Noble 6 in Halo: Reach and in the Halo Novel ‘The Fall Of Reach’.
Whilst Castor, now Chief of the Banished holds Covenant Ideology, the Banished just want power. This may end up being an important plot point later on in Halo: Infinite. They are also on Reach looking for the coveted ‘Portal under the mountain’, which is more or less where Castle Base is. Chief doesn’t have much luck, does he?
It turns out that a band of humans survived the fall of Reach with the discovery of the Viery Militia fighting The Banished threat. Blue Team ends up helping them achieve their goals in exchange for getting to the ruins of Castle Base. Long story short, some revelations are unveiled and Blue Team completes operation wolf, but what did Halsey need from Castle Base?
We think it’s a clone of her brain. In order to make a sentient A.I. like Cortana, a human brain needs to be electronically scanned. This also destroys the brain, which means only deceased subjects have the opportunity to become A.I.
Halsey decided to clone her brain instead, three times to be exact, then created Cortana. We think ‘The Weapon’ in the Halo: Infinite campaign trailer is the result of scanning one of Halsey’s retrieved brains from Castle base on Reach.
From here, we follow the events of Halo Wars 2. The Banished invade installation 0-0, known as Zeta Halo. It’s also around this time Oni Materials Group creates the third generation of Mjolnir Spartan class armor for Chief (which is how Halo Infinite Master Chief has a grappling hook and upgradable components). The UNSC Spirit Of Fire vessel also makes its way to Zeta Halo, thus starting the conflict seen in Halo Wars 2.
Halo Infinite Master Chief – UNSC Infinity On Zeta Halo?
The first Halo: Infinite trailer sees Master Chief floating in space above a broken Halo installation. The slip space demo gave us a date of 27th May 2560, which is from a grounded Pelican on Zeta Halo. We also know that Dr. Halsey modified Chiefs Majolnir Mk. III armor on 19th September 2561, which means humans have been on Zeta Halo for over 16 months by the time Chief is found by his new UNSC soldier buddy floating in space.
If Oni Materials Group made Mjolnir MK. III armor on The Infinity, it would make sense for the vessel to be on Zeta Halo due to Chief being able to upgrade his exclusive armor throughout Halo Infinite. This also means that The Spirit Of Fire and Infinity could end up teaming up, with Master Chief finding and fighting alongside not only UNSC marines, but other Spartans.
Halo Infinite Master Chief – Speculation and theories
It’s obvious that Cortana and The Created dominate much of the known galaxy, with any mention of either entity banned from being mentioned out of fear. When Cortana rallied all A.I. against humans in Halo 5, they also took control of communications and security protocols. This means if they are mentioned, it’s followed up by The Created with a Guardian teleported to that location.
It seems that Master Chief was onboard the Infinity as it approached Zeta Halo, which probably means the ruined Halo Ring in early trailers is a battle-damaged Zeta Halo. Maybe said damage is due to The Infinity crash landing? Let’s not forget, whilst it pales in comparison to a Halo Ring, The Infinity is a massive construct that transports UNSC armies from planet to planet.
It doesn’t feel right that Chief would be so cut and dry about Cortana post-Halo 5. He went through hell to try and cure Cortana’s rampancy, maybe he believes there’s a cure in Zeta Halo? Of course, the new campaign trailer shows what looks like a younger and new build of Cortana that’s hilariously oblivious. She even states she has been created to take Cortana down, but how will she achieve that?
*Spoiler Alert* Halo 5 Legendary Ending – Recorded and played by Izuniy
There’s also a chance that we may get a sweeping reveal in regards to Master Chief’s heritage, something that goes past his ‘Reclaimer’ status. It looks like 343i have dropped the reclaimed saga line for a return to Halos roots. Guilty Spark 343 is about as original as Halo gets. He used to be a human named Chakas before his consciousness was transferred into the monitor we all know and love.
This one gets a bit heavy, but Guilty Spark has a Geas, a Forerunner genetic command that can be passed down from generation to generation. It’s kind of like human conditioning, linking commands to safewords (spoiler alert, Master Chief is the winter soldier). Guilty Spark talks to Master Chief in Halo: CE like he already knows what his role of ‘Reclaimer’ was in that monumental moment in the Control Room of Installation 04.
The first person to give Guilty Spark the command to light the halo array was Forerunner Manipular and Iso-Didact, Bornstellar. When we look forward to Guilty Spark on installation 04, he states “His answer has not changed” when Chief questions his intentions with the Halo array. Spark is speaking to Chief not as a Reclaimer, but as an Iso-Didact. Is Chief somehow connected to Guilty Sparks or Bornstellars Geas? let’s hope we get a massive revelation that links the whole franchise together.
On that note, we’ll give your brain a rest and wait to find out more when Halo releases on Xbox Series X/S and PC day one on Game Pass Ultimate on December 8th.
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