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How Does OS Virtualization Work?OS virtualization works with the help of a virtual disk without requiring any physical disks or local storage. It is directly connected with the help of a medium i.e. centralized server that transmits data with the aid of that virtual disk. Before transmitting the same to the client who is the end-users, the operating system gets loaded on the system and booting happens. Finally, the transmitted data gets virtualized and the client receives the data through the desired network.
Components of OS Virtualization2. After the proper arrangement of the server next comes the connection between the server and the virtual disks. The client then makes a connection with the server and ask for the components on the disk to run the OS. The server then searches for the database storage for the exact components and also check for the disk that gets assigned to the client. The particular disk will get assigned to that particular client depending on the number of disks.
3. After the desired virtual disks are assigned to the client, the disk gets attached to the OS Virtualization server and the database containing all the configuration and network settings gets attached to the server. The server then takes care of the client to remain unique through the options from the back-end.
4. After the connection of the disk is done with the server, data streaming starts with the server. The software that is responsible for starting the operating system to run smoothly is streamed before the other parts. The cached data gets stored elsewhere and there are various products to gather that information.
Uses of OS Virtualization
Operating System Virtualizations creates a virtual space for storing data while maintaining a connection with the server. This infrastructure not only saves time but also save cost for the user because it eradicates the requirement of having a physical structure which increases cost and time for storing data.
Since all the data are stored in the secure virtual form there is not much maintenance required for storing the data since the requirement of hardware is totally absent. All the data gets stored into virtual disks that get transmitted through the server to the client. This benefit saves a lot of time and space and moreover it saves the overall cost for the infrastructure.
Since OS Virtualization system is purely based on virtual machines, removing the requirement of physical hardware power consumption has been reduced drastically. Moreover, the energy-saving gets maximized, less cooling is required for the system which ultimately saves cost and energy.
The presence of OS Virtualization has created an innovation in the cloud-computing industry and because of this, many small and big organizations made big enhancements. The OS Virtualization makes use of the server hardware and allows the same to use it at full efficiency. This results in a high return rate of investment in operational goods.
Operating system virtualizations also offers quick deployment feature where data gets transmitted to the client at a faster rate. It is faster than the old traditional way of data transmission that supports old traditional deployment feature where every machine has to load data manually for transmission.
Operating system virtualizations hide the extra physical infrastructure from the clients that are not necessary, hides the extra resource and only presents the useful features that are beneficial for the clients maintaining the infrastructure and overall resources. The major resources and hardware resources are stored in containers for use that are based on different operating systems.
The presence of containers in operating system virtualization also provides security to data. Since the virtual resources and other computing programs are stored in different containers and each and every container contains a different set of applications, security was a major concern. However, OS virtualization overcomes this security concern by separating applications to containers.
OS virtualization also protects data from unauthorized users because it uses a virtual hosting environment that is efficiently used for allocating hardware resources and maintains security of data from inaccessible users that was a major concern in an old traditional cloud-computing model in regards to security.
ConclusionThus to conclude, Operating System Virtualization hides the physical structure and uses virtual software that helps in running multiple operating systems in parallel. Thus, most of the small and large-scaled companies started using OS virtualization because of its reliability and security and cost-efficient to users.
Recommended ArticlesThis is a guide to OS Virtualization. Here we discuss a brief overview on OS Virtualization and its overall functionality along with its Uses. You can also go through our other suggested articles to learn more –
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Top 8 Benefits Of Appraisal System (2023 Updated)
Overview of Benefits of Performance Appraisal
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The Appraisal system must be unbiased because it provides adequate feedback about an employee’s performance level. Still, it also gives data to managers for future job assignments and compensation. It supports a basis for transforming or changing the behavior pattern toward more effective habits, which delivers results.
Definition of Performance AppraisalThe words performance appraisal or merit rating systems denote the evaluation process of performances of the employees of any small or big organization. It can be defined as a “process of systematic evaluation of personality and performance of each employee, measuring by supervisors or managers or some other persons trained in the techniques of merit rating, against some predefined parameters such as knowledge of job responsibility, quality of delivery, leadership ability, cooperation, initiative, creativity, attendance, judgment skill and so forth”.
Objectives of Performance AppraisalOrganizations adopt various performance rating systems with certain objectives in mind. Those objectives are –
To provide inputs for making decisions regarding transfers and promotions.
Providing data for identifying the requirements of training and development programs for individuals.
To help to make decisions for offering confirmation to the employees who have completed the probationary period.
To make decisions regarding the hike of employees’ salary, incentives, or variable pay.
Enable clarification of expectations and facilitate communication between superiors and subordinates.
To help employees to realize their performance level.
Collect data and keep the record for different organizational purposes.
Methods of Evaluation TechniqueIn designing the evaluation technique, each company considers various factors such as the size of employees, work schedule, company goal, etc. Whatever method is used, it is important to select the right method for assessing the individual’s quality and quantity of work. Merit rating can be classified into two categories of Performance Appraisal Methods – traditional and modern methods.
1. Traditional method
Ranking method
Forced Distribution
Forced Choice method and Checklist method
Ranking
Paired Comparison
Grading
Critical Incident Method
Graphic Scale
Essay method
Field Review
Confidential Report
2. Modern method
Management by Objectives (MBO)
Behaviorally anchored rating scales
Assessment centers
360-degree appraisal system
Cost Accounting method
Benefits of the Appraisal SystemThough there are some debates regarding the merit rating system as it considers adding little value to the organization’s performance, the annual reviews are taken by management and staff as a painful process. Sometimes it acts as detrimental to performance management.
The still appraising system is assumed as a performance measuring standard that has been fixed to give feedback to the employees to improve their performance level by eradicating deficiencies. It is acclaimed as an investment for the company, and this acclamation is quite justifiable after considering the following benefits –
1. Assist in Enhance Employee PerformanceThe logical appraisal system helps the line managers and HR people to design policies and programs for the progress of employees and businesses. It supports planning daily work agreeably to assign the right people to an accurate job. The evaluation process should actively ensure unbiased and equal views to stimulate every employee’s career development.
2. Promotions and TransfersThe merit evaluation system helps to recognize talented employees to groom them as competent. The organization admits employees’ hard work and accomplishments by giving promotions, deputation, and transfers. The evaluation system certifies that promotion and transfer offers are based on performance, not seniority and nepotism.
3. Hike in Salary and CompensationThe rating system gives a clear view of an employee’s performance level, which is compensated by an enhancement in salary and offering other fringe benefits. A good point rating can be achieved only through the appraisal system, which offers handsome compensation packages like a bonus, extra reimbursement, various allowances, and requisites. Almost in all organizations, different categories of employees are paid good compensation packages for their high level of performance, which reveals in the evaluation system.
4. Planning for Providing Training and DevelopmentThrough the appraisal procedure, the superiors can comprehend their subordinates’ strengths and weaknesses, which also helps the HR department design a training and development program. The content and method of training vary according to the requirement of employees. Even the appraisal system decreases the attrition rate because appreciation and bonuses enhance the stability of an employee.
5. Improve the Relationship Between the Management Group and Employees 6. Be Integrated with Strategic VisionOne important purpose of an appraisal is to communicate employee goals that are part of the organization’s strategic vision.
7. The Tool of InspirationPerformance appraisal is an inspirational tool for employees because weighing up the performance level and the recognition system after achieving the goal can boost the employees’ efficiency and productivity level.
8. Detect Valued PerformersThe evaluation system aids in recognizing potential employees in the organization. When making personnel decisions, such as promoting individuals to influential positions or laying off employees, employers base their decisions on performance history, skill level, and experience. The appraisal system is also helpful for inventorying quality people in the organization. As per the valuation, the HR department recruits new employees or upgrades the existing workforce.
Suppose the performance appraisal system executes properly. In that case, it can become a powerful tool to establish an organizational culture where each employee acts for the broad strategic vision of the organization.
Recommended ArticlesThis is a guide to the Benefits of Performance Appraisal. Here we discuss the objectives and Benefits of Performance Appraisal and methods of Evaluation Techniques. You may also look at the following article to learn more –
Top 8 WordPress Caching Plugins – Webnots
Why Do You Need Caching Plugin?
WordPress is based on PHP scripting, which requires server-side processing. If there are hundreds of people who access your website at once, the performance will suffer. So it is necessary to speedup your WordPress site to retain the users on your site. Caching plugin is a good way to ensure that your website will load faster. After installing caching plugin, it will generate static HTML pages, which will be saved on the server.
Caching plugin renders PHP scripts into much simpler static HTML page that can be transferred to your browser, without any kind of server-side processing. So try out one of the WordPress caching plugin and improve the page loading time of your site.
Top 8 WordPress Caching PluginsHere are WordPress caching plugins that you may choose:
WP Fastest Cache
W3 Total Cache
WP Super Cache
WP Rocket
Comet Cache
Cache Enabler
Hyper Cache
SG Optimizer
1. WP Fastest CacheWP Fastest Cache is a free plugin with plenty of features that you can use. The developer claims that WP Fastest Cache is the simplest and fastest among WP Cache plugins. It assures faster browsing experience for the audience. It’s very easy to use and set up. WP Fastest Cache doesn’t provide support for WordPress Multisite. Features of the plugin includes:
Based on the high performance mod_rewrite technology
Automatic deletion of cache files when pages are published
Support for SSL, Cloudflare and other popular CDNs
Option to enable or disable cache for mobile users
Cache timeout for particular pages
Minify HTML, CSS and combine CSS/JS files
2. W3 Total CacheFeatures includes:
Allows multi-level of caching with pages, database and object caching
Exclude page, directories, user agent and referrer groups from serving cached pages
Yoast SEO, Cloudflare, AMP and SSL support
Multiple security features
W3 Total Cache is one of the caching plugins that offer complete minification of JS and CSS files for free. With most other plugins, you need separate minification plugins like Autoptomize or Fast Velocity Minify. You can combine files and defer JS to get rid of render blocking issues to get high speed score on Google PageSpeed Insights.
3. WP Super CacheWP Super Cache is a free plugin that’s easy to configure for beginners. It’s an efficient plugin that serves visitors with static HTML up to 99 percent of the time. WP Super Cache uses three ways to speed up access – legacy caching, mod_rewrite and PHP-based severe static pages.
WP Super Cache support the following features:
Support for CDN
Easy installation and setup
Scheduler to delete cached pages regularly
Dynamic caching and page compression
Settings access with REST API endpoints
Garbage collection options
4. WP RocketWP Rocket is a paid cache plugin with rich features. Upon activation, WP Rocket will be launched upon activation and deliver immediate results. Based on some studies, WP Rocket is among the fastest in performance with support for concatenation, JavaScript minification and CSS. WP Rocket is available for $39 for one website. Features includes:
High performance capability with GZIP compression, page caching, static file compression, cache preloading and lazy image loading
Immediate activation of page caching
User friendly and simple interface
Quick tech support and Cloudflare integration
5. Comet CacheComet Cache is an ideal caching plugin if you are running an e-commerce or membership-based website. It provides caching for each logged user. It implements browser caching using Apache server to increase the page loading speed and avoid multiple data round trips between browser and server. Comet Cache is free, but can be purchased with one-time fee for $39.
Server load monitoring and cache disabling to prevent caching during high load time
Cache statistics to help monitor the caching performance in a specific period of time
Supports for MaxCDN, CloudFront and other popular CDN networks
6. Cache Enabler – WordPress CacheCache Enabler is a light caching plugin from KeyCDN that requires minimal resources requirement. It creates static HTML website, which serve visitors efficiently. Cache Enabler has minimal configuration settings and includes all the essential features you will ever need. However, Cache Enabler is not ideal for mobile specific theme, because mobile-based layouts can be bypassed.
Provision to clear cache automatically or manually
Support multisite environment and custom post types
Extensive documentation with videos and screenshots
Free to use
7. Hyper CacheHyper Cache is based on PHP scripting and it works well on high-end servers. Users can immediately enable Hyper Cache with default values. It includes a switch option for mobile theme that allows caching for mobile-based layouts.
Allow compression of even non-cached pages
You can host cache folder outside main WordPress installation to serve files from cookieless domain
Good support for responsive themes, including mobile themes
Support for bbPress and free to use
8. SG OptimizerSG Optimizer is a special plugin only for those having accounts with SiteGround. This offers multiple functionalities like updating PHP version, enable HTTPS and caching of pages. There are three levels of caching – static, dynamic and memcached to optimize the speed of your WordPress site. You have also an option to exclude dynamic pages from caching.
ConclusionHigh website performance is also an essential factor to increase your website’s ranking in search engine results. Caching plugin is essential if you want to have a faster website. You can install similar to any other plugins and immediately get real benefits from them. Remember your hosting company may not support all caching plugins, especially ones like W3 Total Cache, due to large number of directories created. Also some hosting companies offer their own caching solution like SiteGround. So, it’s a good idea to confirm with your hosting company before you try out something on your shared hosting server.
Finance Lease Vs Operating Lease
What is Finance Lease?
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ExplanationIt is predominantly used for the purchase of equipment. Further, not all leases qualify as finance leases, as certain requirements should be met to be considered a finance lease. The conditions are as follows:
The lessee will have the option to purchase the asset at a bargain price after the expiry of the lease agreement.
The duration of the lease covers at least 75% of the asset’s useful life.
The present value of the future lease payments should add up to a minimum of 90% of the asset’s value.
Features of Finance LeaseThe features are as follows:
The lessee picks the required asset, equipment, vehicles, software, etc.
The lessor funds the purchases of the asset and leases it to the lessee.
The lessee utilizes the asset during the lease, during which the lessee pays a series of installments to the lessor for the asset.
At the expiry of the lease, the lessee is offered the option to acquire ownership of the asset by paying a bullet payment, which is usually a bargain price.
Examples of Finance LeaseFollowing are the example are given below:
Example #1Let us take the example of ASD Inc., which has leased some specialized production equipment from DFG Inc. The estimated useful life of the machinery is 5 years, and the lease term is 3 years. As per the current market, the fair value of the machinery is $10 million, while the present value of lease payments is $7 million. Determine if the lease agreement qualifies as a finance lease.
As per the given information,
The lease tenor is 60% (= 3 years / 5 years) of the equipment’s useful life, which is less than the threshold of 75%.
The present value of the lease payments is 70% (= $7 million / $10 million) of the asset value, which is also less than the threshold of 90%.
Since 2 out of the 3 three are unsatisfied, the lease doesn’t qualify as a finance lease.
Example #2Let us take the example of another company, ERT Inc., that leased heavy earth moving machinery (HEMM) from GHJ Inc. As per the lease agreement, the lessee will pay an annual lease rental of $50,000 at the end of each year of the 5-year lease chúng tôi Inc. has the option to purchase the HEMM at a bargain price after the expiry of the lease period. Determine if the lease agreement qualifies as a finance lease if the applicable interest rate is 8%, the asset’s useful life is 6 years, and the asset value is $215,000.
The lease tenor is 83.3% (= 5 years / 6 years) of the equipment’s useful life, which is more than the threshold of 75%.
The present value (PV) of the lease payments is 92.9% (= $199,636 / $215,000) of the asset value, which is more than the threshold of 90%. The calculation of PV is shown below.
PV = $50,000 * [1 – (1 + 8%)-5] / 8%
PV = $199,636
The lessee has the option to purchase the asset at a bargain price after the expiry of the lease period. Therefore, the lease agreement satisfies all the conditions and qualifies as a finance lease.
Accounting TreatmentAccounting of finance lease in the lessor’s books is done as follows:
Record the leased asset in the books with a value equal to the net investment.
Estimate the unguaranteed residual value for computing the lessor’s gross investment.
Revise the income allocation over the remaining lease term in case the estimated unguaranteed residual value is reduced.
Any direct cost owing to the lease can either be immediately recorded in the income statement or spread across the lease tenor.
Accounting of the finance lease in the lessee’s books is done as follows:
Record asset and liability of value equal to the asset’s fair value at the start of the lease.
Divide the lease rental payments into a reduction of outstanding liability and payment of finance charges.
Pass the depreciation expense of the leased asset through the income statement.
Impact of Finance Lease
Since finance leased asset is capitalized, it results in an increase of assets as well as liabilities.
The debt-equity ratio increases due to an increase in outside liabilities leading to additional leverage.
The cash flow statement impacts both operating and financial cash flow because the principal part of the lease payments is recorded under operating cash flow, and the interest portion is recorded under financing cash flow.
Finance Lease vs Operating LeaseSome of the main differences between a finance lease and an operating lease are:
In a finance lease, asset ownership is transferred to the lessee after the expiry of the lease term. But, in the operating lease agreement, the ownership of the asset always stays with the lessor.
It may have the option of balloon/residual payment so the lessee can buy the asset. But, in an operating lease, such an option is not there.
Finance lease assets form part of the balance sheet and income statement. But operating lease assets are treated as off-balance sheet items and appear only in the income statement.
Advantages
The asset can be purchased through periodic installments rather than a large upfront investment.
The lease rentals are spread across the lease tenor, and the fixed payments usually don’t change due to changes in bank interest rates.
There are options for flexible repayment structures under finance lease contracts.
Failure to repay can result in repossession of the asset by the lessor.
The assets are not protected against bankruptcy.
Conclusion Recommended ArticlesTop 8 Must Visit Temples In Vrindavan
Temples to Explore in Vrindavan
India is the land where spirituality meets enchantingness. Home to beautiful pilgrimage sites, India attracts millions of tourists each year to immerse in its holiness.
Vrindavan is the sacred city 15 km from Mathura in India’s most populous state. Encasing glorious Vrindavan Temples in its heart, the city offers a warm welcome to Lord Krishna’s city.
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Top 8 Must-Visit Temple in VrindavanHere are eight temples you must see during your visit to Vrindavan:-
1 Banke Bihari MandirStanding for Banke= Bend from three places+ Bihari= Enjoyer, this holy temple symbolizes Lord Krishna, holding a flute with the legs-crossed standing pose.
The narrow lanes sprawl with devotees as the designer golden-brow entrance opens every day for the public.
The black statue of Lord Krishna and the temple’s traditional architecture are a sight to capture in my heart.
2 Prem MandirThis temple is the epitome of love that symbolizes the love of Sri Krishna and Radha. This top-tourist destination stands as the glory of Hinduism.
The intricately-carved Italian white marble exudes calmness and fills the soul with spiritual magic. Its 54-acre complex houses alluring statues of Lord Krishna and his followers.
On the inside, paintings of Krishna Leela and Krishna Kaliya Naag Leela portray the telltales of Hindu Mythology.
3 Shri Rangji MandirThis Dravidian and classical-style architectural marvel is the largest temple in Lord Krishna’s city.
Built in 1851, its beige walls appear Rose gold as the sun rays fall over it. Its Jaipur-styled stone gates and five rectangular enclosures form its highlights.
Sri Rangji temple has Lord Ranganatha as the primary deity who rests in his Sheeshashayee pose around Sesha Naga.
It also worships Lord Narasimha, Lord Rama, Lord Lakshman, Lord Venugopala, Lord Ramanujarcharya, and Goddess Sita.
If you are a non-Hindu, you can enter the temple only till the courtyard, and if non-Indian, till its first two gates.
4 Sri Krishna Balaram MandirThis temple is the most renowned of the Vrindavan Temples. Lead your way through its peacock staircase to one of the prime temples of ISKCON.
It houses three alters: one for Sri Sri Gaura Natai, another for Sri Krishna and Balram, and the third for Sri Sri Radha Shyamsundara and Vishakha and Lalita.
5 Sri Govind Devji TempleThis red-stone historical temple is amongst well-renowned Vrindavan Temples.
Formally a seven-storied glorious structure, today it is only a three-storey structure due to the Aurangzeb’s destruction.
The temple that once housed the Govindji idol today no longer gets to experience any rituals and is only a tourist spot.
The temple is a big hit on Holi and Janmashtami as the temple glows with colorful decorations.
6 Katyayani PeethAlso renowned as Uma Shakti Peeth, this temple is one of 51 Shakti Peeths. The white-stone structure with grey specks gives off a serene aura.
The legend suggests that Shakti Peeth arises from the Goddess Sati’s hair when Lord Vishnu cuts her body to relieve Lord Shiva from the sorrow of losing her.
It attracts thousands of visitors to worship Goddess Shakti, Lord Shiva, and Lord Surya. Lord Ganesh and Lord Vaishnava.
7 Nidhivan TempleEnveloped by trees entangled amongst themselves, the locals ascribe them as Gopis of Lord Krishna.
The folklore suggests that Radha-Krishna and Gopis perform Raas Leela as the sun exits the skies.
You can not stay back in the premises post sunset as the onlooker will go blind, deaf, or dumb if you become the witness of the Raas Leela.
8 Garud Govind TempleGarud Govind temple boasts as amongst the most ancient Vrindavan Temples.
The temple for its rituals to neutralize the effects of sarp dosha through kalsarp anushthan.
The temple symbolizes Garud, the chariot kite of Lord Vishnu, an enemy of the serpent/Naga, and can counter the sarp dosha.
The prime deity of the temple is the incarnation of Lord Krishna’s grandson, Bajranabh.
No spirit can calm without exploring the magical sights of Vrindavan Temples. The land of the birth of the chivalrous Lord Krishna holds great significance in the hearts of devotees. The high vibrations of the divine aura will leave every visitor spellbound.
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5 Alternative Operating Systems For Pc
I, being a die-hard fan of the Windows OS, have seldom opted for any other operating system so far. However, this is my choice. In reality, there are several other alternative operating systems to the Windows OS which you can try. Some are well-known and developed by large corporations, while some are small projects by hobbyists.
Alternative Operating Systems for PCWe have listed some of the alternative operating systems for PC if you wish to go for any OS other than Windows. If you don’t wish to install these alternative operating systems directly on your machine, you can use them on a virtual machine. There are several virtual machine programs available such as VMware Player and VirtualBox.
Here is a list of 5 alternative operating systems for PCs.
1. Chrome OSIf you want to try something completely different, then try Chrome OS. Chrome OS by Google is built on the Linux kernel. However, Chrome OS can replace the desktop and user-level software with a specialized desktop that can only run the Chrome browser and Chrome apps. As a result, Chrome OS can be termed as a ‘general-purpose’ operating system. Chrome OS was designed exclusively for Google’s pocket-friendly laptops, Chromebooks. However, there are ways, you can install it on your PC as well.
2. Mac OSHow can we forget Mac OS X? One of the finest computers created by Apple. These laptops and desktops have a rare combination of style and simplicity. Once again, Mac OS X was designed specifically for and pre-installed on Mac, an Apple device. Hence, people often think that it is not possible to install Apple’s Mac OS X on their PCs. However, you can install Mac OS X with some restrictions on its usage – there are some hacks that allow you to do so. If you are looking for some alternative operating systems for Windows and want to try them; then you can install Mac OS X. It runs just fine on typical PCs, but you have to deal with the restrictions.
3. AndroidSo you thought that Android is available for smartphones only? Well, now the Android OS is available for laptops and even for desktops. The Android OS is one of the rarely used alternative operating systems of Windows OS. In fact, we suggest that you download it only for trial purposes. The Android OS is designed using the Linux kernel. However, the operating system is different from the typical Linux OS. For PC, it is not much of use and not convenient as the OS doesn’t let multiple apps run at the same time. You can download the OS for trial.
4. eComStationeComStation OS is nothing but the OS/2 operating system that was originally created by Microsoft and IBM. After a while, Microsoft left the collaboration; but IBM continued to develop the OS. OS/2 also competed with MS-DOS and some initial versions of the Windows operating system. This OS is often seen in old ATMs and PCs. IBM also tried marketing this operating system as OS/2 Warp. Currently, IBM is also not developing the operating system. OS/2 now belongs to Serenity Systems and the company has the right to distribute the operating system with the name eComStation. To try this operating system, you will need to download the demo CD.
5. SkyOSSkyOS is an operating system developed by hobbyists. As a result, SkyOS is not an open-source operating system; but a proprietary one. The initial version of SkyOS was available as paid version. However, the last beta version that was released in 2013 was made available as a free download.
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